How is body temperature controlled? Detailed answer

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How is body temperature controlled? Detailed answer

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How is body temperature controlled?

In a room or building, a thermostat regulates the temperature by controlling the amount of heat produced by the heaters. In the human brain there is a region called the thalamus, which acts as a kind of thermostat. It controls the amount of heat in the body and keeps it at around 37 degrees Celsius. The body burns food and oxygen to obtain energy, primarily heat. Since the body produces heat all the time, it must have some way to get rid of its excess. Otherwise, it will get hotter and hotter.

The function of the thalamus-thermostat is to release some of the heat so that the body temperature remains constant. The air exhaled from the lungs takes some of the heat with it. Waste products, leaving the body, also take some heat with them. More of it comes out through the skin. It constantly releases heat from the body and that is why it always remains warm to the touch. The thalamus can cause the skin to give off more than normal heat, and less, if necessary. If the body gets too hot, more blood than usual rushes to the surface of the skin. As a result, more heat comes to the surface of the skin from the internal organs and, accordingly, more leaves the body into the air surrounding it.

On the other hand, if the body cools down, the capillaries under the surface of the skin constrict - and the blood flow here decreases. And the less blood circulates at the surface of the skin, the less heat it gives off. If our body gets too hot, we start to sweat. Sweat is a brackish liquid produced by the sweat glands. From these glands to the pores on the skin are thin tubes through which sweat enters the surface of the skin. There it evaporates, accelerating the release of heat by the body.

Moisture turns into gas and escapes into the air, taking with it the excess heat. This is why you feel colder when your skin is damp than when it is dry.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is a Nobel Prize?

Every year, when the Nobel Prizes are awarded, there is a lot of noise around the names of the laureates. They are interviewed, articles are written about them. This is because the Nobel Prize is regarded by most people as the highest award given for merit in a particular field, such as chemistry, physics, medicine, or literature. There is also the Nobel Peace Prize, awarded for efforts to promote peace. It is noteworthy that this award was founded by a man who has done a lot for the science of destruction!

Alfred Nobel was born in Stockholm, years of his life: 1833-1896. Among the discoveries he made and patented were dynamite, nitroglycerin (a stronger substance than dynamite) and a new kind of detonator for explosions. Maybe, having created so much destruction, Nobel felt the need to do something noble for the world. He was passionate about the idea of peace, he had a plan that he believed could prevent war.

By the way, in addition to being a brilliant scientist, Nobel wrote poetry. He thought that literature and science are the most important factors in human progress. After Nobel's death, he left a fund of $9. The money was intended to reward people who made outstanding contributions to chemistry, physics, medicine, literature, and the promotion of peace. The prize was first awarded on December 000, 000, the anniversary of Nobel's death. Since Nobel was a Swede, the prizes are awarded by the Swedish Nobel Foundation.

Here are the organizations selected to determine the winners in the field: physics and chemistry - the Swedish Academy of Medical Sciences - the Karolinska Institute of Sweden, literature - the Swedish Academy for the Promotion of Peace - a five-member committee elected by the Norwegian parliament. In 1969, a prize was established for success in the field of economics.

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