How do mushrooms grow? Detailed answer

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How do mushrooms grow? Detailed answer

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How do mushrooms grow?

Mushrooms are wonderful plants. They have no roots, stems, leaves. They grow so fast that you think they are growing before your eyes. They belong to the fungal family, so they don't have the chlorophyll to make food for themselves. Some of them are delicacies, while others are so poisonous that to eat them means certain death.

The part of the mushroom that rises above the ground is the edible part. The rest of the plant lies underground as a mass of white intertwined threads. These threads are called mycelium, or mycelium. Mycelial filaments grow out of spores, and spores are tiny, dusty particles that fall from the cap of a fully mature mushroom. Whitish buds appear on these threads in the form of cones, they begin to grow, develop, and eventually they open in the form of an umbrella or other form characteristic of the fungus.

Most mushrooms have small round holes at the bottom of the cap, very close to each other. It is in these holes that spores develop. When ripe, the spores fall out and are carried by the wind. When the spores land on favorable soil, they develop into new fungi. Most mushrooms grow in moist shady forests or in gorges, where there is always a lot of shade, warmth and moisture.

There are mushrooms that, unlike these, grow in open areas, in the sun. But since mushrooms are made up mostly of water, most of them cannot live in dry, hot winds or in the hot summer sun.

Author: Likum A.

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Bird singing changes due to the noise of cars 30.04.2017

Dr. Katherine Gentry of George Mason University, USA, and her colleagues investigated the effect of traffic noise on birdsong. It turned out that because of the noise, the birds sing differently - the songs become shorter and sound in a lower frequency range. This can affect their ability to attract mates and defend their territory. The scientists presented their results in an article published in the journal Bioacoustics.

The researchers focused their attention on the singing of the Eastern beer (Contopus virens) in three parks in the Washington suburbs. The songs were recorded in sections where traffic noise from the nearest road was either relatively constant or decreased weekly during the 36-hour road closure.

Bandwidth, duration and maximum and minimum frequencies of birdsong were measured and analyzed, as well as the amplitude of low-frequency traffic noise for 20 seconds of each song and the full range of background noise levels.

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