When did museums appear? Detailed answer

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When did museums appear? Detailed answer

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When did museums appear?

Museums are places where collections of any items that are either found in nature or made by man are collected and exhibited. There are museums dedicated to art, science, history, industry, technology. The word "museum" comes from the Greek word for "temple of the Muses". The Muses were patrons of the arts.

One of the first institutions that can be called a museum is found in Alexandria in Egypt. It belongs to the XNUMXrd century BC. e. The purpose of the museum in Alexandria, as far as is known, was to collect various information that would be of interest to students. Students lived and studied there. The museum exhibited art objects and all sorts of curiosities, such as tools used in astronomy and surgery, elephant tusks, skins of rare animals.

From then until the XNUMXth century, there were many collections that could be called museums, but they belonged to royalty and noble families and were not on display. Even in the British Museum, built in the middle of the XNUMXth century, only a few people were allowed.

And only the French Revolution opened the doors of French museums to everyone. In 1793, during the Revolution, the Republican government made the Louvre in Paris a national museum. In the 1830th century, museum buildings began to be built for the first time. One of the first was built Altes Museum in Berlin. It was created in XNUMX.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What are the sizes of the planets?

A planet is very different from a star. A star is a huge ball of hot gases that release heat and light. A planet is a much smaller celestial body that shines by reflected light. Let's start with the planets closest to the Sun.

The first one is Mercury. Mercury's diameter of 4640 km is almost the width of the Atlantic Ocean, that is, it is only a fraction of the size of the Earth.

The next planet is Venus. It is almost the same size as the Earth. Its diameter is 12160 km, while the diameter of the Earth is 12660 km.

By the way, such a strange fact is known that Venus rotates in the opposite direction, that is, from east to west.

The next planet is our Earth and then Mars. Mars shines with a reddish light. Its diameter is 6720 km, which is slightly more than half the diameter of the Earth. Some parts of its surface look like lunar landscapes, with large craters apparently formed by fallen meteorites, but there are also giant volcanoes and valleys, which proves the possible geological activity of the planet.

Jupiter - the next planet - is far from the Sun. It takes him 11,9 years to complete one orbit. Jupiter is the largest of the planets. Its diameter is 141 km, almost 920 times the diameter of the Earth.

Saturn, following it, is also a giant. Its diameter is 120 160 km. This is almost 9 times more than the earth. Saturn is unusual in that it is surrounded by a group of flat rings. These rings are made up of billions of tiny particles.

The next planet, Uranus, is much larger than Earth. Uranus is slightly tilted to the side: its axis is tilted at an angle of 98° to its orbit. (The Earth's axis is tilted at an angle of 23,5°.)

Next comes Neptune, a planet with a diameter of 48 km.

And finally, the last known planet is Pluto, which is believed to have a diameter of 3000 km. It is so far from the Sun that for Pluto it is just a bright star in the sky.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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