How do elephants live in their herd? Detailed answer

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How do elephants live in their herd? Detailed answer

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How do elephants live in their herd?

Elephant herds can range from ten to twenty animals to fifty or more, with most of the individuals in the pack being blood relatives. Usually the head of the herd is an old, wise elephant. She is followed by other females with their offspring of various ages. Young males also live in the herd, but adults - they often live alone, apart from the herd, often visiting him.

If two or more male elephants return to the herd at the same time, fights are inevitable. One of them eventually wins, seriously injuring the enemy with his tusks and driving him out of the herd, if not killing him altogether. The herd roams everywhere, visiting their favorite feeding grounds at different times of the year. During the dry season, elephants retreat to forests or stay close to reliable water sources. In the rainy season, they get out onto the grassy plains. The daily life of the herd follows a certain routine. In the early morning, the elephants head to the nearby river. Here they quench their thirst and bathe: they go into the water, flounder in it, water themselves from their trunks.

Elephants are excellent swimmers and can overcome wide water barriers on their way. After bathing, they wander nearby for several hours, chewing grass and tree leaves, and then stop in some shaded place for a midday rest. When evening comes again, sometimes they return to the river to drink. They can feed until late at night before settling down to rest again.

Some elephants sleep lying down, but many adults, especially among African elephants, sleep standing up. All adult elephants in the herd are constantly on the alert in case of danger. They have poor eyesight, but more or less tolerable hearing and an unusually developed sense of smell.

If a predator, such as a lion or a tiger, attacks a baby elephant from the herd, the whole herd rises to its defense. In Asia, tigers kill about one out of every four baby elephants. Adult elephants are rarely attacked by other animals.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is a caste system?

In India, there was a system that divided people into different social classes, or castes. A person belonged to the caste within which he was born. Here is a list of castes, starting with the highest: brahmins (holy dignity), kshatris (warriors and messengers of God on earth, local rulers), vaishas (merchants and artisans), shudras (servants), panchamas (or non-caste). They did not belong to any of the castes and were considered inviolable. An Indian born within a lower caste could not advance to a higher one even with the help of wealth and education.

There are many rules of communication between people of different castes. The caste system is very strictly enforced in India. How did the caste system originate? According to one theory, it was established with the arrival of the Aryans in India around 1500 BC. e. They were tall, fair-skinned, with straight noses and straight dark hair. They were well organized into social groups, and the caste system helped them manage the local population despite being in the minority.

The Indian Constitution prohibits discrimination, that is, oppression, infringement of rights, on the basis of caste division. But the causes of the caste system have existed in India for thousands of years, and as a form of religious organization of society, the caste system is likely to continue for a long time to come.

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