How many types of fish live on the planet? Detailed answer

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How many types of fish live on the planet? Detailed answer

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How many types of fish live on the planet?

There were no people on earth when the first fish swam on the waters of the ocean. There were not even dinosaurs then, not to mention elephants or any other highly organized living creatures. The first vertebrate animal on earth was the fish. Fish, like all other creatures that have lived on Earth since time immemorial, have undergone many changes in the process of evolution.

Now in the world of different species of fish lives more than any other vertebrate animals. There are at least XNUMX varieties of fish living in all kinds of water bodies, from mountain streams and small ponds to the deep ocean.

Fish are divided into three main classes. The first is cartilaginous fish, such as shark, stingray and ray fish. Instead of a bony skeleton, they have a cartilaginous one, made of a strong and elastic substance. Often, instead of scales, their body is covered with keratinized skin.

The second type is bony fish, which include the largest number of fish living today. Fish of this type have a bony skeleton and are covered with scales.

The third group is lungfish, that is, fish that have both gills and lungs. All lungfish live in fresh water. Their fins are slightly limb-like, and they sometimes make their way onto land. A typical example is the "climbing perch" living in India. But most fish breathe with gills, which are constantly bathed in water passing through their mouths.

Fish have cold blood, but they have a nervous system and, like other animals, they can experience pain and other unpleasant sensations.

Fish have a very fine sense of touch, and they touch as well as taste with their scaled skin. For smell, however, they have special organs located in small nostrils on their heads. They also have internal organs of hearing, that is, located inside the body.

Some fish are true vagrants and do not have a fixed place of residence, but mostly live in small communities, just like land animals. Almost all fish are predators, that is, they feed on other fish or aquatic animals and insects.

Author: Likum A.

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