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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Who made the first sails? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? Who made the first sails? A long time ago, man made this great discovery, although no one knows exactly when it happened. It made it possible for the boat to easily sail forward in the direction the wind was blowing. All that was required for this was to attach a piece of leather, cloth, or something similar to a stick. With such a sail, the boat moved forward easily, and there was no need to row. Of course, a real sailing ship has another advantage: it can sail against the wind. To do this, you need to know how to change course or zigzag. A lot of time passed before the ability to control sails on ships appeared. There were many stages along the way. The ancient Egyptians had ships with oars and huge sails. At first, their ships sailed only along the Nile, but later they began to go to sea. But they raised the sails only with a fair wind. The Greeks and Romans invented the ship, which was called the galley. The slaves sat on the oars, and the sail was raised only with a fair wind. Another ship they invented was called "round" and was used to carry goods. At first, these ships had only one mast with one large sail. But in the era of Christianity, these ships had an additional mast and a sail on the bow, and sometimes there was also a small topsail. These ships still could not go against the wind, but some of them could take the wind that was blowing from the side. The Vikings also invented sailboats and by 800 AD had ships with large square sails. Author: Likum A.
Who are anteaters? Anteaters are animals that feed on white ants, commonly referred to as termites. Anteaters prefer ants to other types of food because they have no teeth. Their strongly elongated jawbones are almost entirely covered in skin. The anteater has a very small mouth, and a worm-like tongue that reaches a length of more than thirty centimeters and is covered with a sticky substance. When an anteater sees a termite, it sticks out its long tongue. The termite sticks to the tongue, and the anteater draws its prey into its mouth and swallows it. Since most of the termites hunted by the anteater build their colony dwellings from clay, which turns to stone under the tropical sun, nature has endowed the anteater with strong front legs and long claws. He uses them to open termite mounds. There are three types of anteaters, which are very different from each other. The giant anteater lives on the ground. Its length is more than two meters, of which about thirty centimeters fall on the head and sixty centimeters on the tail. He has coarse long hair. The claws on the front paws are so long that it is difficult for the anteater to walk on them. He has to put his paws on the ground with the outside of his foot. He feeds at night and sleeps all day long. Tamandua, or the American anteater, is much smaller. Its length is about one meter and it has short hair. The tail of the tamandua performs many functions. Without it, the American anteater would not be able to live in trees - its main habitat. The silky anteater is the smallest of all anteaters. Its length is about fifty centimeters, and half of its length falls on the tail. Thanks to him, he can live in the trees, where he usually spends the day, curled up on a branch. The silky anteater is found from southern Mexico to Brazil.
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