When were dry pretzels first baked? Detailed answer

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When were dry pretzels first baked? Detailed answer

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When were dry pretzels first baked?

Dry pretzels don't look like biscuits or croquettes in shape or taste, but they actually all look alike in many ways. All of them are small and crispy, do not spoil for a long time. They are even baked on the same machines and packaged in the same way. Special bakeries produce all three types of products with slight changes in the recipe and baking method. They are baked from the same ingredients - flour, yeast, sugar and liquid. Typically, yeast in such products is replaced with baking soda. It forms carbon dioxide, which gives the products lightness without requiring the dough to rise.

Dry pretzels have a long history. It takes us back to the first Christians in the Roman Empire. Pretzels were used at that time only because of religion. Fat, milk, and eggs were forbidden to eat during Lent, and people ate dry pretzels instead of bread. And only in our time they have become popular as a light snack. In Northern Europe and the Scandinavian countries, the pretzel has become a symbol of the baker. An image of a large golden pretzel is commonly seen in every bakery. The original pretzel was twisted, soft on the inside and crusty on the outside.

With modern baking, nearly all of the moisture evaporates, leaving a crispy, firm pretzel. It is actually a salty hard biscuit. Incidentally, the word "biscuit" comes from the ancient French word for "twice-baked".

In the Middle Ages, French travelers, soldiers and sailors took strange hard bread with them. It was baked twice to keep it from spoiling. This hard bread is what we call a biscuit or biscuit. When we buy cookies today, we see that they are packaged so that they do not absorb moisture and are crispy, as if they had just come out of the oven.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

When did the first pirates appear?

Piracy, or sea robbery, has existed for several millennia. Even ancient Greek and Roman ships were attacked by pirates in the Aegean and Mediterranean seas. The pirates were so powerful that they even formed their own state on the territory of present-day Turkey. In order to defeat them, the Romans had to send a special expedition in 67 BC. e.

The long period of piracy refers to the period between 1300 and 1830. Pirates have found refuge in North African ports in countries such as Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia and Libya. They captured European ships in the Mediterranean and robbed them, and sold passengers and sailors into slavery or held them for ransom. Sea robbery in these places did not stop until the French captured Algeria in 1830. Pirates were also called "buccaneers". This name referred to those that operated in the late XNUMXth and early XNUMXth centuries in the Spanish Main.

Initially, the name "Spanish Maine" denoted the Caribbean coast in Central and South America. And in the time of the buccaneers, this name applied to the entire Caribbean Sea. Buccaneers were usually sailors and fugitives from different countries who gathered on the islands and in the harbors of the West Indies. They hunted wild animals and cured their meat on special devices called "beeches". From them, the buccaneers got their name.

Pirates often buried gold, silver and jewels in the ground. They wanted to keep their treasures secret. To this day, many believe that many pirate treasures can still be found along the coast from Florida to Texas.

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smart fuse 20.02.2008

American gunsmiths have created a reliable miniature.

"When they talk about smart weapons, they must be smart in everything. In particular, the fuses must understand where the ammunition is and whether it is time to detonate it," says Michael Beggans from the Center for Land Support for Naval Operations (USA), where, together with colleagues from the Georgia Institute of Technology have developed a new technology for the manufacture of fuses. Now they can be made in the same way as microcircuits.

The new fuse is made from a porous copper plate. To make it, a resin-bonded copper oxide paste is applied to a fabric template with microspheres. Then the product is heated, the template evaporates, and copper oxide turns into a metal plate, the shape of which repeats the shape of the template. An explosive is placed in the resulting micron-sized pores. Then a microcircuit is applied to the plate by microelectronics, cut into millimeter-sized pieces, and the microfuse is ready.

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"Our technology covers the full range of fuze sizes that are needed for naval munitions," says Jason Nadler, director of operations at the Georgia Institute of Technology.

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