What is a ballad? Detailed answer

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What is a ballad? Detailed answer

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What is a ballad?

A ballad is a form of folk song that tells a story. It appeared in Europe in the Middle Ages. The ballad simply and directly narrates something, sometimes in the form of a dialogue. Some ballads can be danced to, and ballads may or may not have musical accompaniment. They are always performed in such a way that more attention is paid to the words than to the melody. While ballads always put a lot of emphasis on the story, the melodies used in them are very beautiful.

In different countries, ballads differ from each other and have many names. In France they are called ballads, in Italy - "ballata", in Spain - romance, and in Russia - epic. In America, ballads are divided into several groups. One consists of traditional ballads that take us back six or seven centuries into British history. They have been passed down orally through many generations, and they have a large number of variations. Another group of ballads has its roots in England of the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries. They are sometimes referred to as poster ballads. Many of them were printed on the back of breaking news posters and sold on the streets for pennies.

The British brought the ballads to their colonies, where many of them have survived. Using them as a model, the Americans created ballads about gangsters like Jesse James and Billy the Kid, about strong people like John Henry, and about unlucky girls like "young Charlotte". They were often overdubbed with old British tunes, and often even used the same plot but with American music.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How did libraries originate?

The first library appeared 8000 years ago! The inhabitants of ancient Mesopotamia wrote on clay tablets with a thin stick called a wedge. Their way of writing is known as "cuneiform". The tablets were fired, and the most valuable of them were placed in special clay envelopes so as not to deteriorate. Archaeologists have found thousands of such tablets that were kept in palaces and sorted according to their subject matter. These were the first libraries.

The libraries of ancient Egypt were located in temples: they were guarded by priests. The Egyptians wrote on papyrus, which was then rolled up around a tipped stick and stored in chests or on shelves.

The most famous was the library in Alexandria. It originated around 300 BC. e. Over 700 papyrus scrolls were kept there. All "books" were classified into 000 topics and described in catalogs.

The ancient Romans were the first to think of building public libraries. Julius Caesar planned to create a whole system of public libraries, and after his death they became especially popular. The rich inhabitants of Rome specially founded libraries for the poor, and also collected huge collections of books for themselves. By the 28th century there were XNUMX public libraries in Rome.

At the beginning of our era, libraries became an integral part of churches and monasteries. The monks read and copied books: many libraries were maintained thanks to their efforts.

At the end of the Middle Ages, when majestic cathedrals were built, people began to build small libraries at the cathedrals. Universities also began to collect books. The universities of Paris, Heidelberg and Florence were famous for their collections of "chained" books. Books were so difficult to make that they were chained to the walls with large chains to keep them out of trouble.

By 1400 the University at Oxford began to assemble a library. At present, his Bodleian Library is the largest among the university libraries.

Public libraries as we know them today are only 100 years old. English politicians at the beginning of the 1850th century called on the people to support libraries. Finally, in XNUMX, the English Parliament authorized the creation of libraries.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

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New properties of black holes 25.09.2018

A UC Berkeley mathematician has shown that Albert Einstein's equations of relativity suggest that inside some black holes, the past of a conventional observer is erased and various futures appear. This refutes one of the fundamental cosmological theories - the theory of "cosmic censorship".

The scientist’s calculations show that in the case of some types of black holes in an expanding universe like ours, an observer could survive a transition beyond the event horizon from a deterministic world to an indeterministic one, where his past would be erased and his future became uncertain.

What life would be like in a space where the past has disappeared and the future has an infinite number of options is unclear. But Hintz's conclusion doesn't mean that Einstein's equations of general relativity, which still perfectly describe the evolution of the universe, are wrong, says the author of the discovery.

“As far as I know, no physicist is going to travel inside a black hole and measure what is happening in it. This is a purely mathematical problem, and the solution I proposed makes the Einstein equations mathematically more interesting,” Hintz says. “This is a question that can really be studied mathematically , but the answer to it has physical, almost philosophical implications, which makes solving the riddle of erasing the past beyond the event horizon a very cool thing to do."

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