Why do plants have roots? Detailed answer

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Why do plants have roots? Detailed answer

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Why do plants have roots?

A plant needs roots for two main reasons. Firstly, it is a support in the soil, and secondly, it is the absorption of water and mineral salts from the soil. The roots of most plants grow in the soil. They don't just "sit" there, they help the plant grow. Stretching, branching, the roots fit snugly to the soil particles and absorb minerals from the soil. Thousands of tiny hairs growing on a young root absorb substances from the soil. Therefore, when a young plant is pulled out of the soil, soil particles often linger on the root hairs.

Some plants have tap roots. A tap root is one large root that is much larger than other, branching roots. Other plants do not have one large root, but several roots of approximately the same size. Such roots form a tufted root system. Herbs have such a system. Soil in which many adventitious roots are thus protected from erosion by them. In other plants, most of the roots grow from the stem, such as geraniums. As they grow, the roots thicken and accumulate large amounts of sugar and starch. Beets and sweet potatoes are examples of this.

The sweet potato is the root, but the eyed Irish potato is the stem. Not all plants have roots in the soil. Some tropical tree orchids have hanging roots that grow in the air and absorb moisture.

English ivy and poison ivy attach to walls or trees with aerial roots. Some plants have special roots that develop underground and grow into the soil, forming props. A few roots, like the sweet potato, form buds that grow into leafy branches and are used to propagate the plant.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Which island is the largest?

Of course, Greenland. Its area is 2,17 million km². Most of Greenland is covered in ice. When the Vikings discovered it, the climate was somewhat warmer than the current one, coniferous forests grew on the coast, meadows were green. This, as well as the desire to make the newly discovered lands attractive to settlers, gave rise in 982 to Eirik the Red to call it Greenland (literally "green country").

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