How are lakes formed? Detailed answer

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How are lakes formed? Detailed answer

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How are lakes formed?

Lakes are bodies of water remote from the sea that have filled depressions on the surface of the Earth. These depressions are called basins. Lakes are formed as a result of water flowing into low places. The lakes are replenished mainly by rain and melting snow. Water enters the lake basin with streams, small and large rivers, underground springs and groundwater. Lake basins are formed in several ways. Some lakes are the result of a break and deformation of the earth's crust.

Lake Superior in North America is an example of such a lake. Sometimes lakes are created by volcanoes. Lava flow can block the flow of water into valleys and form a pool. Sometimes the crater of an extinct volcano is filled with water. Crater Lake in southern Oregon is an example of such a lake. Many lakes occupy basins formed by glacial erosion. All the Great Lakes, except Lake Superior and Lake Winnipeg in Canada, are examples of lakes of glacial origin. On the coasts, waves and coastal currents sometimes cut off narrow sea bays from the sea and eventually form lakes from bays and estuaries.

Sometimes the main course of a river can build its own valley by depositing sediment (mud and soil) during flooding. As a result, the tributary valleys fill up and form lakes. Where there is limestone under the soil, groundwater dissolves and carries it away, creating large underground spaces from which lake basins are formed.

Florida has many lakes of this type. Lakes can also be created artificially. If a dam is built on a river, it will block the flow of water and form a lake. Lake Mead was created when the Hoover Dam was built on the Colorado River.

Author: Likum A.

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The BMW Group is going to equip its vehicles with Organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) optics, which have many advantages over the currently common LED elements. The technology being tested by the German automaker is referred to as Organic Light.

Unlike conventional LEDs, which use semiconductor chips in their construction, OLEDs use organic polymers that have the properties of semiconductors. The light is generated in thin semiconductor layers, the total thickness of which is only 40 nm, which is 150 times thinner than a human hair. The thickness of the entire OLED component does not exceed 1,5 mm.

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