How did laundries originate? Detailed answer

BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
Free library / Directory / Big encyclopedia for children and adults

How did laundries originate? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education

Did you know?

How did laundries originate?

Wherever a person lives, he always had to solve the problem of washing. The word "laundry" has a curious origin. In the old days, washed things were shifted with lavender. This plant gave clothes a fragrant smell. The French word "lavande" is translated as lavender, and the word "lavandiere" is translated as laundress. So called in the old days in France a woman who washed clothes. This is where the words "laundress" ("laundress") and "laundry" ("laundry") came from in English.

Early civilizations used different ways of washing garments. In an ancient Egyptian tomb, there is a drawing showing two slaves processing wet clothes on an inclined table with a stone suspended from a block. Water flows down the gutter located under the table. The clothes of the Romans were made mainly of wool, and great skill was required in order to maintain their size and shape when washed.

The clothes were taken to public laundries, where they were processed by people who were called "fullers". The feller performed two types of work. He wove new clothes and also cleaned the ones that were brought to him. Felters practiced their craft for many centuries, until a fulling shop was established in England. By this time, wooden rollers were used for washing. Washerwomen used these rollers to hit wet clothes and thus remove dirt from it along with water.

In earlier times, when there were no rollers, clothes were trampled underfoot. For centuries, British laundries have used methods of washing clothes much like those used in ancient Greece and Rome. Clothes were washed without soap, as it was very expensive. Gradually, with the development of technology, washing clothes began to be carried out by machines.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Which city holds the world record for the most bridges?

German Hamburg holds the world record for the number of bridges. There are over 2300 of them here, which exceeds the number of bridges in Venice, Amsterdam and London combined.

Test your knowledge! Did you know...

▪ Who Invented the Camera?

▪ Why do men tip their hats when dating women?

▪ How was Guillotin related to the guillotine?

See other articles Section Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Plasma gun - a new NATO weapon 30.07.2012

Scientists from the Picatinny Arsenal continue to work on an unusual type of weapon using a laser-induced plasma channel (LIPC). The bottom line is to use a laser beam, which "tears" electrons from air molecules and creates a plasma conductive cord that destroys equipment and manpower.

LIPC lead scientist George Fisher shared the barest details of this secret project: "We can create a very short laser pulse with tremendous energy. In 2-3 trillionths of a second, you can fit energy that exceeds the needs of an entire city."

This nanosecond electrical pulse (nsEP) can be a very powerful weapon. The Pentagon wants to use it to send up to 50 billion watts of optical / electrical power to the target. This is much more than any existing combat laser with a power of about 100-1000 kW. The most powerful nsEP will be able to instantly kill any living creature. Its effect on armored vehicles and fortifications has yet to be studied - it all depends on the power and duration of the pulse.

At present, military scientists have faced a number of serious technological barriers to the creation of LIPC. The plasma channel, which must be learned to keep stable at least for a short time and direct it at the same time to the target, self-destructs. In addition, there is a danger that during the formation of the channel and focusing the beam on the air, the energy will destroy the optical system of the laser and hit the shooters themselves.

It is necessary to reduce the load on the optical systems and keep it at a low level until a plasma channel is formed and energy flows to the target. There are also other problems, in particular the synchronization of the laser with high voltage, the creation of capacious power sources and a reliable field device, that is, the weapon itself. It is possible that a number of these problems will be solved using the most powerful NIF pulsed laser, which recently set a record for laser pulse power.

Apparently, the future plasma-laser gun will be quite large and will only fit on ships or trucks. However, the advantages that it promises on the battlefield will more than pay off the dimensions and huge power consumption.

It is possible that a number of these problems will be solved using the most powerful NIF pulsed laser, which recently set a record for laser pulse power.

Other interesting news:

▪ Shared attention synchronizes brains

▪ Anti-mosquito composition for clothing

▪ Sensitive dark matter detector

▪ Energy from paper

▪ Current acceleration in quantum plasma

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Reference materials. Article selection

▪ article You must cultivate your garden. Popular expression

▪ article What animals do German biologists study under the Angelina Jolie Project? Detailed answer

▪ Article Chaenomeles Japanese. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Mordant to simulate gray maple. Simple recipes and tips

▪ article Electrolysis and electroplating installations. Application area. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews