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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
How did cities originate? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? How did cities originate? We consider cities as part of our civilization. When many different people learned to work and live together, then large cities arose. The main difference between the city, town and village is in size. In most cases, the city is the largest settlement. Almost all cities have grown out of villages. No one knows when and where the first city appeared. Some nomadic tribe of hunters could have founded it. The hunters found a place that they liked so much that they wanted to stay there. This happened about 6000 years before our era, or even earlier. Around 3000 BC. e. people already built big cities and lived in them. In prehistoric times, man discovered that if you tame captured animals, it becomes much easier to provide yourself with food. People didn't want to chase animals through the woods every time they got hungry. People have also learned that you can have many more fruits and grains if you grow your own plants. This is how agriculture began. But it was impossible to roam all the time and cultivate the land at the same time. I had to stay in one place to harvest. It would not be easy to drive the cattle behind you. When the tribes began to remain in place, villages and towns arose. Nothing remains of the first villages, as they consisted of buildings made of skins, wood or clay. Over time, man learned to make durable materials, and the villages began to grow and turn into cities. Author: Likum A.
How many people died in the Great Fire of London in 1666? Five. Although the fire destroyed 13 homes, 200 churches, 87 local government buildings, and more than 44% of the city, the official death toll was less than half a dozen. Among them: the baker's maid who started it all, Paul Lowell, the watchmaker from Shoe Lane, the old man who rescued the blanket from St. Paul's Cathedral but suffocated himself in the smoke, and two others who collapsed into the basement while being rescued from the fire. your belongings. We are unlikely to know the exact number of deaths. John Evelyn, the famous XNUMXth-century diary writer, wrote about "the stench coming from the corpses of the poor burned alive," and modern forensic science knows many examples when, under the influence of high temperatures, the corpse practically evaporated and, thus, could not be officially registered . Nevertheless, the unhurried pace of the fire (the city burned for five days) gave people the opportunity to safely evacuate, and five officially registered deaths is a perfectly acceptable figure. The reaction of the city authorities to the fire can not be called quick. On the very first night, the Lord Mayor of the City of London, Thomas Bloodworth, calmly returned to his bed, declaring that "even a woman can put out such nonsense - you just need to sit down and urinate properly," and Samuel Pepys found time to protect his wealth by burying " big head of parmesan" in my garden. The previous "Great Fire" (1212) in London killed 3000 people, and in the couple of years leading up to 1666, the plague claimed 65 lives. The fire stopped the plague by destroying the black rats along with their nests, however, according to various estimates, the cost of damage caused by fire was 000 million pounds. Given that the combined annual income of the City of London at that time was 10 million, it would theoretically take 12 years to cover the damage. More than 100 thousand people lost their roof over their heads. Many moved to the nearby town of Moorfields or built temporary shelters next to the burnt-out property. However, the pace of recovery was so fast that by 1672 the city was almost completely restored. The fire started in the royal bakery in Padding Lane, owned by the baker Thomas Farinor. At that time, Farinor stubbornly denied this shameful fact, which allowed Robert Hubert, a French watchmaker with exorbitant megalomania, to declare that the fire was the work of his hands. And although it was quite clear to the judge and jury that Hubert could not do this, the Frenchman was still sent to the gallows. The corpse of the hanged man was torn to pieces by an angry mob suspecting a papist conspiracy. Justice was only restored in 1986, when the Honorable Society of London Bakers claimed responsibility for the Great Fire and issued a formal apology to the townspeople.
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