Who Invented Sign Language? Detailed answer

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Who Invented Sign Language? Detailed answer

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Who Invented Sign Language?

Our life is replete with cruelty towards those whose illness the environment is not able to understand. For example, for many centuries the deaf and dumb were considered dangerous to society. In many countries they were considered abnormal and placed in mental hospitals, and often killed.

In the XNUMXth century, a man appeared who wanted to at least somehow help these unfortunate people. It was the Italian doctor Jerome Cardan, who believed that the deaf and dumb could be taught to use special signs. His work attracted great interest, and during the XNUMXth century an alphabet for the deaf and dumb was created, which has been preserved to this day. However, it took another century for the first school for the deaf and dumb to be opened in Leipzig, Germany.

Nowadays in every civilized country of the world there are educational institutions for the deaf and hard of hearing. Many can name among their environment people who are completely deaf, who do not know what the sense of hearing is. We are talking only about those who were born without hearing or lost it before they learned to speak. The causes of hearing loss are different. These may be certain diseases, severe head injuries, or certain inner ear defects.

Why can't deaf people speak? Almost always the reason here is that they have never heard human speech! It is known that almost all deaf children with normal mental abilities can learn to speak if they are taught in a special way. There are cases when 70-year-old elders learned to convey their own and recognize the thoughts of others quite adequately through gestures, facial expressions and the alphabet for the deaf and dumb. Some patients can thus "talk" at a rate of 130 words per minute. Of course, they are largely dependent on sign language. For example, the index finger across the lips means: "You are telling me a lie." Light tapping on the cheek with three fingers translates as "My uncle."

Currently, the deaf are learning to understand what is said and to speak. This is achieved by observing the articulation of the lips of the interlocutor, the ability to notice and even feel the lips, the vocal apparatus of the teacher, followed by the reproduction of the movements seen.

Author: Likum A.

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35 minutes of walking a day reduces the risk of stroke 28.09.2018

Even a small amount of physical activity - such as walking for at least four hours a week or swimming two to three hours a week - helps reduce the risk of stroke.

The study by scientists from the University of Gothenburg (Sweden) involved 925 people who had a stroke. The average age of the subjects is 73 years. 80% had a "mild" stroke. To determine participants' physical activity, they were asked how much they moved or exercised in their spare time prior to their stroke.

Light physical activity was defined as walking at least four hours per week. Moderate physical activity - like swimming, brisk walking or running two to three hours a week. 52% of people noted that they were physically inactive before the stroke.

Importantly, participants reported being physically active after their stroke, which may have affected memory. Therefore, the results of the study may have small "errors".

The researchers found that people who exercised on a light or moderate "mode" predominantly suffered a "mild" stroke, while a moderate or severe stroke affected less active people. Of the 481 people who moved little, 354 - 73% - experienced a "moderate" stroke. Of the 384 people who were engaged in light physical activity, 330 people, or 85%, had the same stroke strength as the previous ones. And 53 out of 59 people who led a "moderately" active lifestyle, accounting for 89%.

The authors of the study noted that the difference in physical activity did not explain the large difference in stroke severity. They also added that the study does not prove that physical activity reduces stroke severity; it only reveals some relationships.

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