What is regeneration? Detailed answer

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What is regeneration? Detailed answer

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What is regeneration?

Could it be that in people who accidentally lost an arm, leg or even a finger, they simply grow back in the same place? This is impossible for people, but there are such living beings for whom this happens!

The process of restoration of lost organs and tissues by the body is called regeneration. Regeneration occurs in few living beings. For example, in certain species of worms and starfish, the entire body can be restored from a tiny particle of the body.

In our body, the process of regeneration of a certain type can also proceed. The top layer of our skin is constantly being worn away and replaced by other cells. Our hair and nails regenerate all the time. Even our baby teeth can regenerate in a certain way. And, of course, feathers, wool and scales lost by various animals are restored in the process of regeneration. In more complex organisms (and man is a very complex organism), regeneration is less developed.

Man and all mammals cannot regenerate a whole organ. But salamanders and insects can regenerate entire limbs. What can really regenerate in us is fractured bones, damaged skin and muscles, and certain types of nerves. Regeneration is of two types. The first is when new tissue grows on the surface of the wound. The other is when the restored parts are transformed, but a new organ does not grow.

Regeneration "budding" is formed on the surface of the wound. It is usually cone-shaped and contains germ cell types or cells that are present at the birth of a living being. These cells develop into special cells that form a new organ.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is an intelligence quotient?

Physical and intellectual growth usually correspond to each other. Growth in both directions stops at different ages, depending on the individual characteristics of the person. For example, someone can reach a height of 1,6 m at the age of sixteen and no longer grow. But the same person's brother can grow until he is 1,8 meters tall by the age of nineteen. The mental development of many people stops around adolescence.

If you take all the children born, for example, on October 10, 1947, and examine them today, they will differ in physical development. Some will be of medium height, others will be tall, and still others will be short. But they will differ from each other and mental development. Some of them will be smart, able to learn easily, others will be of average ability, and some will be able to learn only with great effort.

A difference in mental development can be considered a difference in mental age. We can measure human growth, but how to measure mental development? For this purpose, a series of psychological tests has been developed. Here's how it's done: First, you need to find out what problems can be solved by children of different ages. Six-year-old children are able to solve some problems, eight-year-olds - others, and so on. Now imagine that we give a test for six-year-olds to different children. Some four- and five-year-olds can handle them too.

On the other hand, there may be children who find it difficult to do this at the age of ten or twelve. Thus, we have a way to measure intelligence. If a six-year-old child is able to pass the test for a six-year-old, then he has an average level. If a child at four or five years old is able to do the same, then he has an excellent development. If a twelve-year-old is unable to complete a task from a six-year-old test, then he lags behind in development.

The letters IQ ("IQ") are short for "intelligence quotient", which is a way of describing the results of such tests in mathematical language. For example, the IQ of a six-year-old child with a six-year-old IQ is 100. The IQ is divided by the chronological age and then multiplied by one hundred. If at the age of five the mental development corresponds to six years, then the IQ will be equal to 120 (six divided by five and multiplied by 100). An IQ between 90 and 100 is average; scores above 110 are excellent.

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