What are capillaries? Detailed answer

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What are capillaries? Detailed answer

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What are capillaries?

There are a variety of large roads and highways between large cities, which makes it possible to deliver products and other necessary things to them. But what about small towns and small villages? After all, they also need food and other supplies. Narrow roads and country roads connecting small towns and villages resemble capillaries in the human body.

As we know, blood is pushed out by the heart to all parts of the body, and the large vessels through which it flows are called arteries. But away from the heart in all parts of the body, these large vessels become tiny, hair-like vessels called capillaries.

The capillary is 50 times thinner than the finest human hair! The average capillary diameter is approximately 0,008 mm. It is so narrow that the blood cells pass through it one at a time, which leads to the fact that the blood passes through the capillaries very slowly. About 700 capillaries can fit in the space occupied by a pin. Since the purpose of capillaries is to carry various substances throughout the body and take them away, you can imagine that a person has an innumerable number of capillaries in the body.

What happens when blood passes through one capillary, which takes about one second? The blood does not leave the capillary. But the wall of this capillary is very thin and consists of only one layer of cells. Through this wall, the blood releases its oxygen to adjacent tissues. Instead, it absorbs carbon dioxide, which is given off by the surrounding tissues.

At the same time, other substances that provide nutrition for tissues come from the blood, and the decay products enter the capillaries. As a result, the blood and the substances that it carries with it return to the heart through the veins.

Author: Likum A.

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