Where are eels born? Detailed answer

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Where are eels born? Detailed answer

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Where are eels born?

The most curious living creatures are long, slippery, whip-like members of the eel family.

If it were possible to follow one of the species of this fish, then it could be found either in the ocean, swimming hundreds of miles, or rising along rivers, or even crawling in the grass over land to where, as instinct tells it, there is a rich pond food. Every eel caught in America or Europe or even in rivers on the mainland comes from one of the approximately 20 million eggs laid by its mother at a depth of 180 to 275 meters in a certain area of the Atlantic Ocean near Bermuda! The common eel has a dark brown color and is covered with smooth skin, on which, as a rule, scales or not, or it is very delicate, small.

Only recently have people learned about the origin of young eels. It is now known that they originally appear as transparent creatures floating near the surface of the ocean. After a while, these creatures gradually decrease and take on the definite shape of an adult eel. Then the eels of a certain section of this breeding zone swim in the direction of Europe by the millions. But they do not enter the fresh waters of European rivers until they reach the third year of life. Eels from another part of the breeding zone swim towards America and, after reaching one year, rise along all American rivers from the St. Lawrence River to the Gulf of Mexico.

After living in fresh water from four to twelve years old and reaching an average length of 60 to 90 centimeters, they descend the rivers, never to return. Eels swim back to Bermuda, breed in the depths and die! Eels are caught as they travel down the rivers from July to late October - sometimes later - and on their way to Bermuda. The annual catch of eels along the Atlantic coast exceeds 900 kilograms.

Author: Likum A.

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What is a feudal system?

Today Europe is divided into many states. But from the XNUMXth to the XNUMXth century it was one. Europe was divided into large estates, and the people who lived in them did not think of themselves as French, German or English. Simply, each person expressed devotion to his landlord, this landlord to the more significant one, and the most influential of them to the king.

Local lords, who owned large estates, did not want to have any worries or expenses for the maintenance of the entire apparatus for managing these estates. But they needed support and protection, so they gave plots of land to people of noble birth who swore allegiance to them. These were knights. They also became owners of estates. Although some knights did not possess them, but were in close proximity to the lord, in his castle.

The lords on the estates had serfs and serfs. Serves were attached to the estate. When it was sold, servos were sold with it. They worked the lord's land, but he did not feed or clothe them. Instead, he gave them plots of land, which they cultivated as if they were their own. This land could not be taken from them, it was inherited by children, but the heirs had to pay a fee for it to the lord. The peasants were also serfs, but they paid a fixed amount to the lord for their land instead of paying taxes on the produce that came from that land, as the serfs did.

The estates supported themselves. This means that nothing was imported from other estates, everything necessary for life was produced on the spot. The lord kept mills, wine presses, sheep pens. The serfs could use them, but had to pay for it. If the lord was kind, the peasants and serfs lived in peace. They worked long and hard, but they were protected by the lord, he took care of them.

When the feudal system began to disintegrate, it was not the result of peasant revolts. It was just that the lords began to object to the power of the king. Parliaments began to function, nations began to take shape, and the peasants soon became free.

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In January 2015, NASA plans to launch the SMAP (The Soil Moisture Active-Passive) satellite, with which it will be possible to monitor soil moisture over large areas and in various parts of the planet. This information, according to the developers, will be unprecedentedly accurate and detailed. In addition, changes in the state of the soil can be observed literally in real time - the satellite will update information at least once every two to three days.

It is difficult to overestimate the importance of this project for various services, and above all for agriculture, which suffers significant losses due to the lack of information about the real state of the soil and the inability to predict changes in its moisture content. Traditional methods of estimating soil moisture using sensors, based on point measurements in individual areas, are laborious and expensive. In addition, they do not provide sufficient measurement accuracy, and when extrapolating their readings to large areas, one has to deal with noticeable errors.

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The planned duration of the SMAP mission is 3 years.

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