What are turtles? Detailed answer

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What are turtles? Detailed answer

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What are turtles?

All turtles - sea, freshwater and land - have a hard outer shell, scaly skin and a keratinized nose. All of them breathe with lungs and have shells consisting of two parts: outer, or upper, and lower. Through the holes between these two halves, the turtle can stick its head with neck, tail and paws out. Turtles have well-developed eyesight, taste and touch, but they hear very poorly. Most turtles eat a wide variety of foods.

Female tortoises can make hissing sounds, while males can make something like "grunts". Some huge land tortoises can even growl!

The largest of all existing turtles is a leatherback turtle that lives in sea water. Its usual weight is about 450 kilograms, and the largest individuals can reach 2 meters in length and have a weight of 680 kilograms. Turtle soup is made from green turtle meat, which also belongs to sea turtles. It is found in tropical seas and weighs about 225 kilograms.

The horny turtle shell, which is obtained from another sea turtle called the caretta, is highly valued. It is the smallest of the sea turtles and is rarely more than one meter in length. Its carapace consists of separate transparent horny plates of dark brown color with numerous yellow streaks. The largest tortoise in North America is the vulture tortoise, which lives in the Mississippi region. It weighs up to 70 kilograms. She has a long, massive tail and strong sharp jaws.

The most common land tortoise in North America is the wood tortoise, which has brick-red skin. It is not difficult to tame it, and it accepts food from the hands.

In winter, turtles hibernate and hide at the bottom of ponds or in burrows on the ground. Turtles sometimes live for 200 years, or even more!

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

How many bees are in the hive?

Bees have a complex social organization, in some ways even more complex than that of humans. No other animal species can compare with them in this respect. The bee can only survive when it is a member of the colony. By itself, the bee will not be able to survive for a long time.

A colony of bees consists of one queen (womb), thousands of worker bees, and in certain seasons, several hundred or even thousands of drones, or males.

The colony must have some shelter. Anything can be a hive: a hollow inside a log, a box or a modern industrial hive.

The uterus lays eggs, but she is not able to follow everything else. She can lay over 1500 eggs per day, which is about 250 per season. Rarely does a queen manage to lay a million eggs in her lifetime: usually most queens live only one or two years. She lays fertilized eggs, which later turn into worker bees and queens, and unfertilized ones, which turn into drones.

A colony may only have a few thousand worker bees, but in the process of developing them, 60 bees can appear! As you can see, at certain times the hive is very crowded. With such a large number of worker bees, it is necessary to divide the colony into several colonies. Each worker bee performs a clearly defined job, and without prior training. She can do very difficult work, and so quickly, as if she has been doing this for a very long time. At first, the worker bee only cleans the cells. Later, she will take over the job of feeding the larvae, which will soon leave the hive. In the end, she will become a field bee that will collect nectar and pollen, which will then become honey.

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