What is a vaccine? Detailed answer

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What is a vaccine? Detailed answer

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What is a vaccine?

Every living organism has the ability to resist infection and overcome it. This ability is called immunity.

With various diseases caused by viruses, a person’s protective reaction is triggered and helps to overcome them. After smallpox, measles, chickenpox, the body develops immunity to these diseases, so that they never happen again.

But after the flu, there is no certainty that you will not get infected again. To artificially develop immunity, it is necessary to introduce a weakened virus into the body. In this case, the disease proceeds in a mild form. After recovery, a person becomes immune to it for some time. This injection of a weakened virus is called a vaccination. The vaccine consists of neutralized organisms that cause this disease. They produce protective antibodies that neutralize pathogenic microbes.

A vaccine can be obtained by infecting certain animals with a virus of a particular disease. When the virus is completely weakened, it will not harm a person, but will only cause an increase in immunity. Another way to get a vaccine is to make it from "killed" or inactive viruses. When they are administered in large quantities, they stimulate the formation of antibodies in the body to fight the disease. The vaccine for sleeping sickness and influenza is produced by this method. Sometimes immunity is increased by injecting active viruses into the skin.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Why can the American gesture for the phrase I Love You be confused with a rocker goat?

In the American sign language - Amslen - the sign for the phrase "I Love You" is formed by simultaneously showing the signs of the letters I, L and Y. This combination produces a gesture with three fingers extended (thumb, index and little finger) and two pressed fingers (middle and ring fingers). ). The uninitiated may mistake this gesture of the deaf for a rocker "goat", although in the classic goat the thumb is also pressed to the palm.

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