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BIG ENCYCLOPEDIA FOR CHILDREN AND ADULTS
How did forks come about? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? How did forks come about? The first person to use a crude form of a fork while eating must have lived thousands of years ago. However, the fork we use at dinner is a very recent invention. As a fork to eat meat, primitive man used a small forked branch. Some reputable scholars believe that the fork appeared at the same time as the arrow, and at first it was used as a toothpick. The forks familiar to us were originally used only during cooking: they held the meat when it was cut. The first forks were long, with two prongs, they were made of iron, bone, hard wood. It took quite a long time before forks were used at the table for eating. Even 300 years ago, forks were a rarity in Europe. Indeed, in France, people ate with their hands until the XNUMXth century. We have all heard of the magnificent court of Louis XIV and the feasts in his palace. Did you know that none of these elegant courtiers used forks? When some people began to eat with forks, others made fun of their excessive finesse. When a rich lady from Venice in the XNUMXth century made herself a small golden fork to order, they wrote about her: “Instead of eating like other people, she has to cut food into small pieces and eat them with a two-pronged fork.” 500 years have passed, but even in the XNUMXth century in Venice, people who used forks were still ridiculed as eccentrics: "In Venice, in addition to a knife and a spoon, every person is served with a fork to hold the meat when you cut it, as they It's considered bad manners to touch meat with your hands." Since the XNUMXth century, the rules of behavior at the table began to correspond to modern ones. Silver forks spread throughout Italy. And by the end of the XNUMXth century, the fork became simply necessary in the homes of cultured people. Author: Likum A.
Where did card games first appear? Card games have been around for so long that no one can say exactly where they first appeared. Most experts believe that playing cards came to us from Asia. There is a legend according to which the Hindus and Muslims in the old days used round playing cards for entertainment, but this is not documented. The first documentary evidence of this dates back to the 1120th century. The Chinese claim that cards existed in China as early as XNUMX and that they were invented during the reign of Emperor Qian Huo for the entertainment of his courtiers. We know that by the end of the XNUMXth century, cards were very popular in France. They became so popular that even a law was passed forbidding working people from playing on weekdays! The first cards were mostly rectangular or square, although in some places round cards were also played. The first decks of cards usually consisted of 86 cards. One of the cards had no number and was called "fool". In modern times, this card is called the Joker. In the XNUMXth century, the art of wood engraving became widespread in Europe. Before that, the cards were hand-drawn and very expensive, so only very wealthy people could afford to buy them. But with the help of wood engraving, cheaper cards were made possible, and for the first time the lower strata of society were able to spend their leisure time playing card games. In the XNUMXth century, four suits first appeared in France, which are still in use today: hearts, spades, clubs and diamonds.
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