What is friction? Detailed answer

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What is friction? Detailed answer

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What is friction?

Friction is the resistance exerted by the movement of one object on the surface of another. It can be any two items.

Many of the jobs we do in life would be impossible without friction. Without friction, machine belts would come off, nails and screws would not be able to hold on, we would not be able to move on sidewalks, the wheels would turn without moving forward! However, in many cases, especially in technology, we strive to minimize friction as much as possible.

Friction between solids is mainly caused by the unevenness of their surface. The smoother these surfaces, the less friction. Interestingly, friction between homogeneous materials is greater than between dissimilar ones. When we lubricate surfaces (for example, bearings in an engine), we reduce friction by replacing the friction of liquids with the friction of solid surfaces.

Friction between solids is of two types. It's rolling and sliding. Rolling friction is less than sliding. That is why the wheel is the greatest discovery of man. This made it possible to replace sliding with rolling and reduce friction many times over, especially when moving loads.

Consider the following example. Take and place a large stone on an uneven surface. It will take a dozen people to move it. If we put rollers under such a stone, six people will be able to transport it. Having placed the stone in a cart on two wheels, we need only four people. Here there will be sliding axles of the cart and rolling on an uneven surface. Lubricate the axles of the trolley and make the surface smooth - this will require only two people.

If we use bearings in the wheels, just one person will calmly transport this same stone!

Air and water also create friction. We streamline aircraft to reduce air resistance. Ships are also shaped to reduce water resistance.

Author: Likum A.

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