Where do most earthquakes occur? Detailed answer

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Where do most earthquakes occur? Detailed answer

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Where do most earthquakes occur?

If we look at a map of the globe showing the areas with the most frequent earthquakes, we will find a wide band rising up and down over the entire surface of the Earth. In some areas there are no earthquakes at all, in others they are frequent.

Japan is a region of the globe with frequent earthquakes. They happen almost every day! Of course, most of them are weak and do not cause any damage. Another similar area is the area of the Mediterranean Sea. Conversely, take the New England area in the United States. There have been no destructive earthquakes here since the ice age, for many thousands of years!

This is explained by the fact that the earth's crust is not the same everywhere. In some areas, the crust is not strong enough, and in this place there is a fault. A fault is a break in the rocks of the crust. In the place of the fault, sections of the crust press on each other with great force. This energy is converted into the vibration of the rocks.

Such a vibration can spread for thousands of kilometers, the earthquake in this case is very strong, especially along the fault line created by the rise of the earth's crust. Fault sections rise and fall, they can also move in a horizontal direction.

After an earthquake, certain changes can be seen on the Earth's surface along the fault. The part where the vibration was felt the most is called the "epicenter" of the earthquake. If there is a city nearby, there can be significant damage. Falling buildings and fires resulting from gas pipeline ruptures lead to casualties among the population.

The distribution areas of earthquakes and volcanic eruptions are approximately the same. This is due to the fact that the earth's crust in these areas is not at rest.

There are two extended earthquake zones. One of them frames the Pacific Ocean, and the second stretches from the Azores to the east to Southeast Asia. In addition, quite often earthquakes occur in East Africa, the Indian Ocean, North America (the valley of the St. Lawrence River and the northeast of the United States). Earthquake-resistant buildings have to be built not only in China, but also in Japan, American California, and the Russian Far East.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is aluminum foil made of?

Aluminum is the metal most commonly found in the earth's crust: it makes up 7-8 percent of the earth's crust. But aluminum does not exist in nature in its pure form. It is in combination with other chemical elements, the composition of which is very difficult to decompose. The most important aluminum ore is bauxite, a type of clay. It contains 40 to 60 percent alumina. Aluminum has a number of qualities that make it useful for many products.

Aluminum is light, weighs three times less than metals such as iron, copper, nickel, zinc. Aluminum is a good conductor of electricity, as well as a good thermal conductor, so it is often used in technology in radiators of cooling systems. Aluminum resists corrosion: when exposed to air, it immediately reacts with oxygen to form a thin, durable, colorless film that protects the metal from further chemical attack, preventing corrosion. For these and other reasons, aluminum is used in the manufacture of foil.

Foil is a layer of any metal, about 0,127 mm thick or less. And in order to roll out metal to such a thickness, mechanisms with great accuracy are needed. Even the smallest changes in thickness stand out on the foil. Various types of rolling mills have been invented for rolling aluminum and other metals where precise thicknesses are required.

Aluminum is so malleable that it can be rolled into sheets of foil 0,005-0,008 mm thick. For this, pure aluminum is used. But mainly aluminum alloys are used for greater strength of the foil. In this case, other metals are combined with aluminum. Aluminum foil used in the home is resistant to moisture and gas, prevents grease, is odorless, tasteless, corrosion resistant, reflects heat, and does not transmit light.

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