What is a tidal wave? Detailed answer

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What is a tidal wave? Detailed answer

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What is a tidal wave?

On August 27, 1883, a huge volcanic eruption almost destroyed the island of Krakatoa. This explosion generated waves several tens of meters high, which wiped out hundreds of villages from the face of the Earth. The waves swept across the ocean at speeds up to 1300 km/h, reaching the shores of Australia and California many thousands of kilometers from the crash site!

In 1946, an underwater earthquake occurred in the Aleutian Islands. The resulting giant wave in less than five hours, having overcome almost 4 thousand km, hit Hawaii. She destroyed houses and bridges at a distance of hundreds of meters from the coast. 170 people died.

Such waves are called tidal. They are completely different from ordinary waves in the sea or near the coast and do not depend on either the wind or the current. Scientists have given these waves the Japanese name "tsunami". Various cataclysms occurring on the seabed create tidal waves, or tsunamis. As a rule, these are underwater earthquakes.

As a result of an underwater earthquake, a shock wave forms, which propagates in water like the sound propagates in air. Indeed, such a shock wave in water has the speed of sound.

If there is a ship in this area, he will feel the power of the shock wave, and this is about the same as the collision of a ship with a rock!

During an underwater earthquake, the seabed moves both vertically and horizontally. These movements of the bottom and the shock wave cause tidal waves. A huge funnel can suddenly form on the surface of the water, or vice versa - a column of water appears. A tidal wave appears, which moves at great speed along the sea surface.

When the tidal wave approaches the shore, its first sign, oddly enough, may be a slight increase in sea level. Then for a few minutes the sea recedes, as at low tide. A vast section of the seabed may be exposed. And then an all-destructive tidal wave appears!

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What president liked to play pranks on his guests by falling with them in a car into a lake?

In the 1960s, the civilian amphibious vehicle Amphicar was mass-produced in Germany. One of its owners was American President Lyndon Johnson, who liked to play pranks on his guests. Inviting them for a drive around the ranch, the president would drive up a hill near the lake, then derail the car and yell about failed brakes. When the car was in the water, but remained afloat, Johnson watched the reaction of the passengers and laughed.

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