What are the turns of a sailing ship? Detailed answer

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What are the turns of a sailing ship? Detailed answer

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What are the turns of a sailing ship?

The turn of a sailing ship is a change in course associated with a change in tack.

In nautical reference books and encyclopedias, only two turns are indicated that a sailing ship or a boat under sail can make: jib and tack. When turning the jib, the direction of movement of the sailing vessel is changed by crossing the wind line with the stern, and when turning the tack - by the bow of the vessel.

According to the figurative definition of the above-mentioned outstanding navigator Christopher Bonifatievich Vrungel, a tack is such a turn of a sailing vessel in which it passes through the “windwind” position.

Eliminating another gap in marine terminology, Captain Kh. B. Vrungel proposed the name "overkeel" for another turn, which, unfortunately, also happens sometimes in marine practice. To overkeel means to turn the ship upside down with a keel.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

What is instinct?

Most of us think that we do every action consciously - so we sit down, stand up, shake hands with each other, because we want to. But in fact, the actions of people and all living beings are not so easily explained. For example, when you ride a bike, you can make hundreds of movements without thinking about how you do them. Your actions are the result of experience and skill.

Let's say you touch something hot and immediately pull your finger away. You don't think about pulling your finger away - you just do it. This action is instinctive.

Consider another example where our actions are not subject to prior reflection. Are you hungry. You don't always say to yourself, "I'm hungry, I'll go and find food." You just go and eat. Can this action be called instinct? One way or another, people do indeed have instincts (such as hunger, sexual, defensive, etc.), although some psychologists argue that this is not true. But we know that other animals act instinctively.

An instinct is a reaction of the body that occurs in response to external or internal irritation. For example, a bird builds a nest by collecting feathers, blades of grass, twigs. She fixes all this on a branch or some ledge in such a way that the nest has a certain size and is very stable. Birds of different species nests differ from each other, have their own characteristics. The only thing that can explain such abilities of a bird is instinct.

Instinctive actions in living beings always arise from internal or external stimuli, such as hunger, fear or sexual desire. It is quite probable that certain changes in the glands of internal secretion in birds and animals lead them to such manifestations which we call instincts. Foraging, morning chirping, mothering, migration and hibernation are all manifestations of glandular activity in animals.

Thus, the instinctive behavior of all living beings corresponds to the vital needs of the organism.

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