What keeps the Moon in Earth orbit? Detailed answer

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What keeps the Moon in Earth orbit? Detailed answer

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What keeps the Moon in Earth orbit?

Our natural satellite does not allow its orbital velocity, which exceeds the first cosmic one, to fall behind the Earth.

And to escape from the gravitational embrace of the Earth and forever leave its environs is prevented by the Earth's gravity, to overcome which the orbital velocity of the Moon is not large enough (less than the second cosmic velocity).

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Did the weather influence the course of history?

Yes, and repeatedly. For example, storm and bad weather contributed to the well-known victory of the Germans over the Romans in the Teutoburg Forest in 9 AD. e.

Another example: when on August 15, 1281, the Mongol fleet set off to conquer Japan, a powerful typhoon suddenly flew in and destroyed all 3500 ships of the conquerors. The Japanese called it "divine wind" - kamikaze.

Heavy summer rain on July 27, 1794 in Paris dispersed a demonstration of Jacobin supporters, which allowed their enemies to arrest Robespierre and execute him the next day.

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Women find it harder to quit drugs 14.02.2015

It is known that drug dependence in women develops faster than in men, and the likelihood of relapse after drug treatment in women is also higher. The neurobiological reasons for this were found out by researchers from the Weill Cornell Medical College at Cornell University (USA). Although the experiments were performed on rats, there is every reason to believe that here we are dealing with a fairly universal property of the nervous system and that the results obtained are quite applicable to humans.

Addiction to drugs in women is more severe, perhaps not least because of the way the brain's opioid receptors work.

The development of addiction is associated with the associative work of the nervous system. Of course, the ability to form associations is a very useful property, however, when it comes to narcotic substances, associations appear where they are not needed. It turned out that in female rats, parts of the hippocampus associated with associative connections work differently than in males. (The hippocampus is one of the main memory centers in the brain, and it goes without saying that associative thinking cannot do without it.) In females, the female sex hormone estrogen exerted the strongest influence on the work of associative neurons. The more it was (and the level of estrogen fluctuates during the menstrual cycle), the stronger the synapses between neurons were, the stronger the nerve cells were connected to each other, and there were no obstacles to conduct a nerve impulse.

The opioid receptor system played an important role in strengthening interneuronal connections under the influence of estrogen. In an article in the Journal of Neuroscience, the authors write that one of them, the mu receptor, maintains background neuronal activity in females, but not in males. Another, called the delta receptor, stimulates long-term potentiation, that is, it helps keep the synapse in working order even after the original stimulus has disappeared. Under the influence of estrogen, the number of delta receptors in females became three times greater than in males.

Opioid receptors work when you need to calm down, relieve mental and physiological excitement, reduce pain, create a feeling of euphoria. To turn them on, there are endogenous opioids produced by the body itself. If opioids begin to come from outside in the form of some kind of drug, then as a result a strong neural circuit is formed, which will remember the pleasant sensations associated with taking the substance. And since opioid receptors affect the activity of associative pathways, then all kinds of associations will be tied to a narcotic sensation. In the female nervous system, all these connections will be stronger thanks to estrogen.

The results obtained may be useful not only in the treatment of drug addiction. Many modern pain medications that work with the opioid system act on the mu receptors, and although such drugs are effective in relieving pain, they, alas, can also be addictive and addictive. The authors of the work believe that it is possible to create other analgesics that will have a special effect on delta receptors without threatening the patient with drug addiction.

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