By what accident did Louis Pasteur discover vaccination? Detailed answer

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By what accident did Louis Pasteur discover vaccination? Detailed answer

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By what accident did Louis Pasteur discover vaccination?

One of the most important steps in the search for means of combating serious infectious diseases was made by the French microbiologist Louis Pasteur (1822-1895). He discovered that a severe infectious disease can be reduced to a much weaker form by injecting a person with weakened microbes that cause this disease.

Giving credit to Edward Jenner, who discovered vaccination against smallpox, Pasteur also called the way he discovered to prevent infectious diseases by vaccination, although his weakened bacteria had nothing to do with the actual "vaccination" (cowpox). Since then, the term "vaccination" has been used to refer to any inoculation against a disease, and the drug used for this procedure has come to be called a vaccine.

Pasteur made his discovery to a certain extent by accident. Working with the bacteria that cause fowl cholera, he concentrated the bacterial preparations to such an extent that their introduction under the skin, even in negligible amounts, caused the death of chickens within a day. One day, while conducting his experiments, he accidentally used a culture of bacteria from a week ago. This time, the disease in chickens was mild, and they all soon recovered. Pasteur decided that this bacterial culture had gone bad and prepared a new, more virulent one. But the introduction of a new culture did not lead to the death of the birds, which recovered after the introduction of "spoiled" bacteria.

Pasteur realized that infecting chickens with weakened bacteria caused them to develop a protective reaction that could prevent the development of the disease when highly virulent microorganisms entered the body.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

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