Where do comets come from and where do they go? Detailed answer

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Where do comets come from and where do they go? Detailed answer

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Where do comets come from and where do they go?

At one time, astronomers believed that comets come from interstellar space, but then it turned out that none of the observed comets had a speed near the Sun that exceeded the so-called parabolic one, and this hypothesis had to be abandoned.

In 1950, the Dutch astrophysicist Jan Oort (1900-1992) suggested the existence of a huge shell of icy bodies slowly revolving around the Sun at a distance of 100-150 thousand astronomical units, or 15-22 quintillion kilometers (quintillion - billion billion).

This is matter left over from the original cloud of dust and gas concentrated during the early formation of the solar system, and was too far away to be effectively captured by gravity, and therefore became a by-product of the formation of planets. Over time, a huge cluster of cometary nuclei formed in this shell (their total number is probably about 100 billion, and the total mass is estimated at only 0,1 Earth masses), which is commonly called the "Oort cloud".

The vast majority of these cometary nuclei never approach the Sun, do not form tails and do not waste their substance, but slowly (at speeds of about a centimeter per second) "creep" in orbits. Only a few of them, under the influence of massive celestial bodies surrounding the Sun, suddenly change their orbits and leave the solar system forever. Others go into orbits with a shorter period, approach the Sun, showing all the phases of the change in the appearance of the comet; some of them become short-period comets.

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

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What is marijuana?

From time to time you will hear about people who have become addicted to marijuana. It is prohibited by law in many countries. Marijuana is made from hemp. Marijuana is not a pain reliever and is not medically recommended for medicinal use. It acts like a drug - it causes numbness. This drug is used as smoking or chewing tobacco.

Marijuana has been known to people since ancient times. In India, it is called bhang, karas or ganga in Egypt it is hashish, in North Africa it is whale, and in the Western Hemisphere this drug is most often called marijuana. Marijuana affects the central nervous system. It has been proven that many who have been involved in crime have used marijuana in one form or another.

A person who uses marijuana may suddenly feel thirsty or hungry, or, for example, a craving for something sweet. Taking the drug may cause nausea, dizziness, or drowsiness. A person can become very irritable, suddenly feel noble or persecuted. Sometimes people become talkative and unable to control their speech, or experience fear, depression, mental confusion, or even delirium. Whoever smoked at least one cigarette with marijuana for the first time experiences an unpleasant, painful sensation at first.

Young people who want to "try" the drug, thereby make a mistake and very often then return to the destructive practice of using heroin, morphine, becoming drug addicts. Marijuana has not yet been fully studied by scientists. But without any doubt, who wants to live a healthy and happy life, he must avoid meeting with the drug.

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Cat recognition system 26.02.2018

A Dutch programmer has put a homemade device on the front door that sends a notification to a smartphone whenever a cat approaches the house.

Dutch front-end developer Arakis Garro lives with his wife and cat Bobis. Actually, the cat is not his, but a neighbor's, but since Garro moved into his current home, Bobis has become a frequent visitor. The cat likes to come into the house, and does it at about the same time, so Garro and his wife sometimes open the front door in advance. But they wanted to know for sure that the cat came to visit, so as not to inadvertently miss the visit, so Garro created a cat recognition system.

The device consists of a small video camera, a motion sensor, and a Raspberry Pi computer. When someone passes by the door, the sensor turns on the camera, and the algorithm analyzes the footage taken by it and, if a cat sits in front of the door, sends a notification to the smartphone of the owners of the house.

Garro used the free cloud-based pattern recognition algorithm Rekognition. The entire system cost Garro $50 and a few hours of time. Cat recognition accuracy, according to Garro, approaches 100%.

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