What is the sun made of? Detailed answer

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What is the sun made of? Detailed answer

Big encyclopedia for children and adults

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What is the sun made of?

The sun is a huge ball of plasma (that is, ionized gas) consisting mainly of hydrogen (73,46 percent of the mass) and helium (24,85 percent of the mass).

Thus, all other elements in the composition of the solar matter account for less than 2 percent.

The main of these remaining elements are oxygen (0,77 percent solar mass), carbon (0,29 percent), iron (0,16 percent), neon (0,12 percent), nitrogen (0,09 percent), silicon ( 0,07 percent), magnesium (0,05 percent) and sulfur (0,04 percent).

Author: Kondrashov A.P.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Which countries in the world are among the top ten largest in terms of population?

The top 1284 countries in the world with the largest population are as follows (population in millions in parentheses): China (1047), India (287), USA (211), Indonesia (174), Brazil (145), Pakistan (145) , Russia (133), Bangladesh (129), Nigeria (127) and Japan (XNUMX).

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Random news from the Archive

The remains of plankton will tell about the ancient climate 04.11.2013

A new study has found that climate change that took place millions of years ago can be seen in the growth layers of ancient sea shells.

A huge X-ray microscope revealed growth streaks in plankton shells, which, as it were, "record" the temperature of the sea at the time of growth. The results of the research will allow scientists to study changes in ocean temperature that occurred hundreds of millions of years ago.

Bands in plankton shells can perform roughly the same function as tree rings, only they record climate rather than age. Understanding how climate has changed in the geological past is critical to understanding climate change in the present.

One way to study the ancient climate is to analyze the ice at the poles. The temperature of the atmosphere is "recorded" by the bubbles of ancient air located in the layers of polar ice. The oldest record in Antarctica dates back to about 800 years ago. The new study opens up new possibilities for scientists: the growth layers of ancient plankton allow us to study climate changes that occurred not thousands, but millions of years ago.

When plankton grew in the waters of the ocean, its shell, made of calcite, was a trap for chemical impurities, sometimes just a few atoms. Scientists have noticed that plankton growing in warmer water contains more impurities. When the plankton dies, it sinks to the ocean floor, but the shells can now be recovered and seen as they were buried.

The amount of impurities contained in fossil plankton shells makes it possible to see the temperature of the ocean over 100 million years ago. Researchers from the University of Cambridge (UK) measured magnesium residues in plankton shells using the ALS synchrotron in Berkeley (USA), a huge particle accelerator that generates X-rays to study matter in small quantities. A powerful X-ray microscope showed narrow nanoscale bands in the plankton shell, where the amount of magnesium is slightly higher. Scientists have compared these stripes to the annual rings of a tree, but plankton develop stripes every day or so. This opens the way to the study of seasonal variations in ocean temperature.

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