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Figure to ground ratio. Encyclopedia of visual illusions

At leisure / Visual (optical) illusions

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Ruby vase

A classic example of the relationship between figure and ground. You can see both a vase and two faces.

Another version of the Rubin vase

And another embodiment of the Rubin vase

Against the background of vases you can see the heads

Unusual balustrade

Another unusual balustrade

Napoleon, his wife and their son

Find 5 faces here

Find 20 items

Kitchenware

How many animals are here?

Old Miller

Who is hiding here?

Find 13 faces

Find 4 wolves

Find 9 bears

Find 9 pandas

Clinton and Monica illusion

What do you see here?

A woman's face or a man playing the saxophone?

Portrait of Abraham Lincoln

Find here a wolf, a horse, a snail, a mouse, a bird, a praying man, a clown and a fish.

How many animals do you see here?

Day and night

Flotilla or aqueduct?

Tree silhouettes

Birds at the nest

Lagoon

How many deer?

Where is the bear hiding?

Bouquet

Knights

James Dean

Sea

Butterfly

Artist

How many musicians?

The Statue of Liberty

Herd of horses

Pride

Wolves and elk

Do travelers see these wolves?

wolf family

Wolves and lynx

Love

What's in the shed?

S. Dali. Appearance of a face and a bowl of fruit on the seashore

Still life with leaves

Catch

Waterhole

Two birds

Face or couple?

What is on the bottle? Hugging couple?

In fact, there is a pod of dolphins.

Portraits of fruits, flowers, branches and leaves

many-sided tree

How many faces did you count?

Zoo

Pittsburgh Zoo logo. What animals do you see in the picture?

17 wolves

There are 17 wolves hidden in the picture. Try to find them all.

And here are 15 wolves.

11 owls

Find three rabbits

15 birds

11 deer

11 walruses

11 likes

11 whales

10 deer

11 fish

10 lions

10 polar bears

14 brown bears

13 whales

13 fairies

13 horses

12 eagles

13 eagles

13 ducks

17 dolphins

9 lions

9 turtles

seven hearts

11 bass

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>> Forward: Apparent figures

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

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Random news from the Archive Plasmon graphene chip 30.06.2013 Physicists from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have created an electronic circuit that allows you to control plasmon waves using a combination of graphene and ferroelectric materials. Experiments of scientists have shown the fundamental possibility of creating computing devices with very high operating frequencies and at the same time having an even greater degree of miniaturization than modern computer chips. The fundamental principle of the device is based on the use of plasmons: pseudo-particles with which physicists describe the behavior of plasma. In the context of this work, plasma is understood not as an incandescent ionized gas, but as charge carriers dispersed in graphene, which can be quite accurately described as a collection of charged electron gas particles. In this electron gas, in turn, oscillations arise that carry a certain energy. The energy of oscillations, in full accordance with the laws of quantum mechanics, is quantized and it is the quantum of such oscillations that is called a plasmon. Plasmons play an important role in solid state physics, as they make it possible, for example, to predict and calculate the optical properties of substances. But a group of researchers from MIT was not interested in this, but in the ability to control plasmons, that is, the ability to direct plasmon waves to the right place. Such control is important not only because it will once again test theoretical models, but also because plasmonic waves can have a much higher frequency than electromagnetic oscillations in electronic technology used today. If a typical central processor operates at frequencies from hundreds of megahertz to several gigahertz, then plasmon waves in the experiments of scientists have shown the fundamental possibility of reaching a mark of several terahertz, several thousand gigahertz. According to the researchers, they were able to control plasmons through a combination of two materials, graphene and ferroelectrics. Graphene is a flat sheet one carbon atom thick, and ferroelectrics or ferroelectrics are substances that can become electrified under the influence of an electric field and retain a charge after the external field is removed. By placing a graphene sheet between two plates of lithium niobate, physicists were able to direct plasmon waves in the required direction after they formed the boundaries of the waveguide from the charged sections of the ferroelectric. Experiments have shown that the distance between such waveguides can be no more than 20 nanometers and, in this case, plasmon oscillations will not distort each other. The researchers believe that their work opens the way, if not to the industrial implementation of the method, then at least to the continuation of experiments with graphene and ferroelectrics. One of the possible applications scientists call optoelectronic devices in which light causes plasmonic oscillations: preliminary estimates suggest that they will be much more compact than modern converters of this kind. In addition, the development can help in the creation of fast systems for writing and reading information from ferroelectric storage devices: theoretically, the speed of work can exceed current rates by thousands of times.

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