Visual (optical) illusions. Apparent figures

Free technical library

VISUAL (OPTICAL) ILLUSIONS
Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

Appearing figures. Encyclopedia of visual illusions

visual illusions

At leisure / Visual (optical) illusions

Comments on the article

<< Back: Figure-to-Ground Relationship

>> Forward: Illusions of depth perception

Triangle of Kanish

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

There is no equilateral triangle, in fact. He just seems.

Kanish Kiwi Triangle

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

Do you see the Necker cube here?

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

But there is no cube! This is an illusion.

Do you see black circles at the intersection of the white lines?

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

But in the picture there is not a single circle.

The square that doesn't exist

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

This set of dots is perceived as continuously changing patterns of rows and squares.

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

The effect of tending to a closed loop

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

The figure in the upper figure is perceived as a cube, and in the lower figure only as a set of separate pieces.

ghostly contours

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

When small circles intersect large ones, they appear to form contours.

See the dark diagonal stripes?

Visual (optical) illusions / Apparent figures

In fact, there are none.

<< Back: Figure-to-Ground Relationship

>> Forward: Illusions of depth perception

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Machine for thinning flowers in gardens 02.05.2024

In modern agriculture, technological progress is developing aimed at increasing the efficiency of plant care processes. The innovative Florix flower thinning machine was presented in Italy, designed to optimize the harvesting stage. This tool is equipped with mobile arms, allowing it to be easily adapted to the needs of the garden. The operator can adjust the speed of the thin wires by controlling them from the tractor cab using a joystick. This approach significantly increases the efficiency of the flower thinning process, providing the possibility of individual adjustment to the specific conditions of the garden, as well as the variety and type of fruit grown in it. After testing the Florix machine for two years on various types of fruit, the results were very encouraging. Farmers such as Filiberto Montanari, who has used a Florix machine for several years, have reported a significant reduction in the time and labor required to thin flowers. ... >>

Advanced Infrared Microscope 02.05.2024

Microscopes play an important role in scientific research, allowing scientists to delve into structures and processes invisible to the eye. However, various microscopy methods have their limitations, and among them was the limitation of resolution when using the infrared range. But the latest achievements of Japanese researchers from the University of Tokyo open up new prospects for studying the microworld. Scientists from the University of Tokyo have unveiled a new microscope that will revolutionize the capabilities of infrared microscopy. This advanced instrument allows you to see the internal structures of living bacteria with amazing clarity on the nanometer scale. Typically, mid-infrared microscopes are limited by low resolution, but the latest development from Japanese researchers overcomes these limitations. According to scientists, the developed microscope allows creating images with a resolution of up to 120 nanometers, which is 30 times higher than the resolution of traditional microscopes. ... >>

Air trap for insects 01.05.2024

Agriculture is one of the key sectors of the economy, and pest control is an integral part of this process. A team of scientists from the Indian Council of Agricultural Research-Central Potato Research Institute (ICAR-CPRI), Shimla, has come up with an innovative solution to this problem - a wind-powered insect air trap. This device addresses the shortcomings of traditional pest control methods by providing real-time insect population data. The trap is powered entirely by wind energy, making it an environmentally friendly solution that requires no power. Its unique design allows monitoring of both harmful and beneficial insects, providing a complete overview of the population in any agricultural area. “By assessing target pests at the right time, we can take necessary measures to control both pests and diseases,” says Kapil ... >>

Random news from the Archive

SN65HVD82 - RS-485 interface with enhanced anti-interference and ESD protection 29.10.2015

To ensure reliable data communication, Texas Instruments offers the SN485HVD65 RS-82 transceiver with improved performance.

The microcircuit allows you to build an RS-485 network that is resistant to both interference and emergency situations caused by electrostatic discharges, breaks or short circuits on the line. The SN65HVD82 transceiver is surge tolerant up to +-18V on the A and B lines. The built-in 60mV hysteresis is an effective tool for dealing with noise and interference. The microcircuit meets a number of requirements of the IEC standard for ESD protection and is designed to build highly reliable industrial networks.

Applications SN65HVD82: electricity meters, building automation, industrial networks, security systems.

The SN65HVD82 interface chip is available in a standard pinout package commonly used in RS-485 transceivers from various manufacturers. This allows the SN65HVD82 to be installed in an existing product, in the event that it is necessary to increase the overall reliability of the device.

The microcircuit has a supply voltage of 5 V, while it easily fits into microcontrollers with a 3 V supply.

Despite the high technical parameters, SN65HVD82 can be purchased at a fairly attractive price, even in comparison with simpler RS-485 transceivers.

Specifications SN65HVD82:

ESD protection HBM: +-16 kV;
Protection IEC61000-4-2 Discharge Contact: +-12 kV;
Protection IEC61000-4-4 Fast Transient Burst: +4 kV;
Speed: 250 kbps;
Fault Protection: -18 to 18V;
Noise Rejection Receiver Hysteresis: 60 mV;
Short circuit output current limitation: -150 to 150 mA;
Fail safe protection:
idle;
Open;
short;
ICC Consumption (Max): 0,9 mA;
Operating temperature: -40...85°С;
Chassis: SOIC-8.