Moderation and prudence. Meaning, origin, examples of the use of phraseological units

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Winged words, phraseological units. Meaning, history of origin, examples of use

Winged words, phraseological units

Directory / Winged words, phraseological units

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Moderation and prudence

Griboyedov A.S.

Phraseologism: Moderation and prudence.

Meaning: To make a decisive break with someone or something in order to achieve something greater.

Origin: From the comedy "Woe from Wit" (1824) by L. S. Griboyedov (1795-1829). The words of Molchalin, who thus describes the main virtues of his character (act. 3, yavl. 3).

Random phraseology:

Non-resistance to violence.

Meaning:

It is used, as a rule, ironically, in relation to an overly soft person ("non-resistance") who does not dare to defend his legitimate interests, principles, etc.

Origin:

The word and concept that L. N. Tolstoy (1828-1910) introduced into the Russian language as one of the main postulates of his religious and philosophical doctrine ("Tolstoy"), which he came to in the 1880s. The writer outlined the essence of his teaching in the works "Confession" (1879-1882) and "What is my faith?" (1884). The concept of "non-resistance" comes from the well-known gospel commandment (Gospel of Matthew, ch. 5, article 39): "... Do not resist evil. But whoever strikes you on your right cheek, turn to him the other." Hence the "non-resistance" - a follower of this teaching of the writer.

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Bird singing changes due to the noise of cars 30.04.2017

Dr. Katherine Gentry of George Mason University, USA, and her colleagues investigated the effect of traffic noise on birdsong. It turned out that because of the noise, the birds sing differently - the songs become shorter and sound in a lower frequency range. This can affect their ability to attract mates and defend their territory. The scientists presented their results in an article published in the journal Bioacoustics.

The researchers focused their attention on the singing of the Eastern beer (Contopus virens) in three parks in the Washington suburbs. The songs were recorded in sections where traffic noise from the nearest road was either relatively constant or decreased weekly during the 36-hour road closure.

Bandwidth, duration and maximum and minimum frequencies of birdsong were measured and analyzed, as well as the amplitude of low-frequency traffic noise for 20 seconds of each song and the full range of background noise levels.

It turned out that the birds instantly reacted to fluctuations in traffic noise, changing the length and frequency of their songs in order to improve transmission. When the roads were closed, the songs returned to their natural characteristics - with wider bandwidth, lower minimum frequencies, and longer duration.

While the above changes help other birds hear songs better in the face of increased traffic noise, birds listening to these altered calls may not respond as strongly to them, which reduces the ability of males - who tune their songs to attract a mate and defend territory. If noise levels are periodically reduced, such as by closing a road, the birds will be able to perform a version of their song that optimizes vocal performance, attraction to females, and territory defense.

While reducing noise altogether would be ideal, temporary road closures are also beneficial and could be part of an effective environmental conservation strategy, the authors wrote. This could help reverse the decline in the Eastern beer population, which is reported to have halved in the Washington area in the past seventy years, and may also have a beneficial effect on other species that can correct their signals "in real time."

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