Like a zyuzya drunk. Meaning, origin, examples of the use of phraseological units

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Winged words, phraseologism. Meaning, history of origin, examples of use

Winged words, phraseological units

Directory / Winged words, phraseological units

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Like a zyuzya drunk

Pushkin A.S.

Phraseologism: Like a zyuzya drunk.

Meaning: Dead drunk man.

Origin: From the novel in verse (6, stanza 5) "Eugene Onegin" (1823-1831) by A. S. Pushkin (1799-1837). We are talking about Lensky's neighbor Zaretsky: "Felling off a Kalmyk horse, // Drunk like a zyuzya, and the French // Got captured ..." In the Pskov region, "zyuzya" is the local name for a pig (see: Mokienko V.M. //Russian speech. 1973. No. 5). An analogue of the colloquial expression "drunk as a pig." Hence the colloquial verb "nazyuzyukatsya" - get drunk drunk.

Random phraseology:

Half world.

Meaning:

An ironic characterization of the upper strata of French and English (rarely American) society of the second half of the XNUMXth century in their public life, no longer closed exclusively by the class, aristocratic circle, high society, light.

Origin:

Half-world (English), Demi-monde (French). First found in the diary of the American James Galatin. who wrote in it February 23, 1823 (publ. 1914): "Tonight is the last day of the carnival, our last supper, our last ball, my last evening in the half-world (English half-world)". But this expression became popular thanks to the French playwright Alexandre Dumas-son (1824-1895), who called one of his comedies "Demi-monde" - "Demimond", that is, "Half-light" (1855). Dumas son considered himself the author of this expression, and he understood it differently than it is interpreted now, when it means, first of all, "ladies of the half world" - the world of kept women, courtesans and highly paid prostitutes. So, in the preface to the collection of his plays (1890), he wrote: "Just as the land discovered by Christopher Columbus was given the name of a navigator who came there after him, this word" demimond "was given a different meaning than that which it has This neologism, which I was proud to introduce into the French language, so hospitable in the nineteenth century, by mistake or carelessness of those who use it, serves to designate the class of women whom I wanted to separate from those I understood. future dictionaries that demimond does not represent, as is believed, a crowd of courtesans, only a class of declassed ... "Ladies of demimond, according to the definition of Dumas the son, are" all women who have no roots in an orderly society and whose fall is justified by love, but only love...". The writer explains that "this world ("demimond". - Comp.) begins where the legal wife ends, and ends where the corrupt wife begins. It is separated from decent women by a public scandal, from courtesans - by money ... "

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