Science, education, medicine - Alkaline earth metals. Crosswordist's Handbook

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Science, education, medicine / Chemistry and substances / Alkaline earth metals

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BARIUM

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MAGNESIUM

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CALCIUM

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BERYLLIUM

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Efficient installation for energy storage in compressed air 04.10.2022

Compressed air energy storage systems are nothing new. The problem was their relatively low energy efficiency, which Chinese scientists successfully solved. Based on the development in Hebei Province, the world's most advanced 100 MW air-compression energy storage system has been created, tested and will be put into commercial operation by the end of the year.

The world's first CAES (compressed air energy storage system) project on a utility scale was implemented in Germany in 1978. The plant is still in operation today, providing an output power of 290 MW. CAES equipment pumps atmospheric air into voids in the ground, compressing the air to a pressure of about 140 atmospheres. The efficiency of the German installation is 40%, which is significantly lower than pumped storage power plants with energy reserves in the process of pumping water masses to a great height (efficiency up to 75%) and battery storage, the efficiency of which reaches 90%, but is realized in the course of the most serious financial injections.

In the process of compressing air, a CAES unit releases a lot of heat energy. The German project does not use this heat, and when releasing compressed air, it uses fossil fuel combustion to heat it, which in combination greatly reduces the efficiency of the solution (additional heating greatly increases the pressure of the outgoing air flow and enhances the work it does - the rotation of generator turbines).

Chinese engineers have learned how to capture and efficiently store the heat generated in the process of air compression and then reuse it to heat the air supplied to the turbines. According to the test results, the heat storage efficiency is maintained at 98,95% after eight hours and 98,73% after 16 hours, which is the highest among existing CAES heat storage devices.

In parallel, other projects are being implemented in China on systems for collecting energy from renewable and therefore unstable energy sources, such as the sun and wind. For example, a 100 MW storage system based on vanadium flow batteries is being built in Dalian, and energy storage projects have been launched in Inner Mongolia, Ningxia and other regions, both in conventional lithium batteries and in more exotic options, such as using flywheels. China is striving to become a leader in energy storage and is testing all possible options to achieve its goals.

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