Treasure on a plate. Fun chemistry experience at home

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Treasure on a plate. Chemical experiments

Entertaining experiments in chemistry

Entertaining experiences at home / Chemistry experiments for children

Treasure hunting is a troublesome and, as a rule, useless task. And yet we invite you to try your luck, guaranteeing complete success. We will look for real gold, and not in a cave or in a forest, but on a very ordinary plate with a gold border. And not even on a whole, but on a broken one.

It may surprise you, but the gold border on the dishes is really made of gold. Is it true. there is very little of it, because the layer is very thin. Take a glass with a gold rim and look at the light: the layer of gold seems transparent.

Gold is applied to dishes from a solution. And we will begin this experiment by preparing a solution containing gold.

Stock up on shards with gilding - you will get them for free in the glassware store. For experiments, about 10 cm will be enough for you.² gilding. From it we will prepare about 5 ml of dilute chloroauric acid H[AuCl₄]. To do this, dissolve gold in a mixture of concentrated acids - 3 ml of hydrochloric acid and 1 ml of nitric acid. This mixture is called aqua regia. Concentrated acids must be handled with extreme care! Work with rubber gloves! Put the experiment only in a chemical circle!

Before dissolving, thoroughly wash the layer of gilding on broken dishes and remove traces of fat by wiping it with a cotton swab dipped in acetone. Take a few drops of aqua regia into a glass pipette and dissolve the gilding. Carefully collect the resulting solution of chloroauric acid in a small test tube dug with distilled water. All solutions in this experiment should also be prepared in distilled water and in clean dishes.

To make full use of gold, rinse the place where it has dissolved with a small amount of water (preferably from a pipette) and collect it in the same test tube. Add water up to 5 ml. We will work with this solution. We will prepare a very beautiful cassian purple - a colloidal solution containing the smallest particles of metallic gold. It is formed when a solution of tin chloride SnCl is added to a highly dilute solution of chloroauric acid.₂.

Dissolve 0,5 g of tin(II) chloride in 50 ml of water. Pour a few drops of this clear solution into a test tube with a pale yellow solution of chloroauric acid. At first, the mixture will turn yellow-brown, and after a few minutes a wonderful color of cassian purple will appear. In this case, metallic gold is reduced, and the resulting tin hydroxide Sn(OH)₄ gives stability to the colloidal solution. The color of the liquid is usually intense red, but depending on the size of the particles, it can have various shades - from pink to purple.

Colloidal gold can be precipitated with a solution of table salt. In this case, the gold particles combine and sink. After washing and drying, the precipitate can again be obtained (with the help of aqua regia) a solution of chloroauric acid.

If you have a hydrogen burner at your disposal, then you can put on a very spectacular experiment - the so-called Donau experiment. A hydrogen flame directed at the surface of a solution of chloroauric acid also reduces gold, and colored bands appear in the liquid. You can also do this: apply an undiluted acid solution obtained by treating gold with aqua regia on a clean porcelain plate, dry it, and then place it in the flame of a hydrogen burner. A shiny film of gold forms on porcelain.

We warn you: the hydrogen burner can only be used with the permission and in the presence of a teacher.

Author: Olgin O.M.

We recommend interesting experiments in physics:

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