How to make an electromagnet rotate. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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How to make an electromagnet rotate. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

Take a large iron screw, firmly put wooden or cardboard circles on it and wind 300 turns of insulated copper wire between them with a diameter of 0,2-0,25 mm. Screw the screw vertically into the board. Clean the ends of the wires from insulation. Connect one of the wires to the battery, leave the other free for now.

Cut out a dozen strips from the tin can, pierce them in the middle and put them on a knitting needle. Tie the ends of the strips with tin clips. This will be the so-called armature of the electromagnet. Make the posts so that the anchor passes over the screw as close to it as possible, and the axis can rotate freely. To do this, make tin or iron thrust bearings with a small indentation. The axis must be vertical and its ends must fit into these recesses.

How to make an electromagnet rotate

To improve rotation, add some oil to the thrust bearings. Now connect the free end of the wire to the other pole of the battery. The screw will be magnetized and will attract the anchor, turning it along with the axis. At this moment, the current must be turned off, or, as they say, open the circuit. The anchor will not stop immediately, because the screw has demagnetized and no longer attracts.

When the armature, continuing to turn, will approach the screw with the other end, turn on the current again. The same picture will turn out, and this will continue all the time until you stop turning the current on and off.

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Viable artificial lungs created for the first time 07.08.2018

Scientists at the University of Texas at Galveston have grown lungs for the first time and successfully transplanted them into pigs, which survived for several weeks after the operation.

Healthy blood vessels developed in the tissues of the transplanted lungs, as a result of which the organs were able to engraft. In previous experiments, lungs transplanted into rodents stopped functioning within hours. In addition, the organs are grown from the recipient's own cells, which reduces the risk of rejection due to the immune system.

During the experiment, scientists using a mixture of detergents and sugar separated cells from the lungs of donor pigs, resulting in a 3D scaffold of intercellular proteins. In it, scientists began to grow a culture of cells isolated from recipient animals. The lungs grew for 30 days in a bioreactor tank filled with nutrient solutions. Ready organs were transplanted to four pigs to replace the left lung.

Animals were sacrificed 10 hours, two weeks, one month and two months after the operation. They underwent an autopsy to assess how well the organs took root. During the entire experiment, the pigs did not receive immunosuppressants, but the scientists did not reveal signs of rejection of the transplanted organ in any of the cases. At the same time, the researchers note that the artificial organs were not functional because they did not connect to the pulmonary arteries.

Scientists hope that in the future they will be able to improve the method and get full-fledged organs. In the case of transplanting an artificial lung to a human, 3D printing can be used to create a framework.

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