reactive principle. Fun physical experience at home

ENTERTAINING EXPERIENCES AT HOME
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reactive principle. Physical experiments

Entertaining experiments in physics

Entertaining experiences at home / Physics experiments for children

Hang a tall can of water from a long string. The jar will hang exactly on a plumb line, since water, as you know, presses from the inside evenly on the bottom and walls of the vessel:

Reactive principle

Now, in the same jar, punch a small hole at the bottom near the bottom. Immediately, the water will begin to pour out, and the can will deviate from the vertical line in the direction opposite to the flowing water stream. This will happen because the pressure will decrease on the side of the hole, and on the opposite side it will remain the same:

Reactive principle

Do one more experiment. For this, you will need a funnel, a rubber tube that fits snugly over the funnel tube, and a curved glass or metal tube inserted into the bottom end of the rubber tube. When pouring water into the funnel, you will see that the tube will deviate in the direction opposite to the movement of the outflowing jet. This means that simultaneously with the pressure force pushing the water out, a force appeared pushing the tube in the opposite direction:

Reactive principle

If we slightly modify the experiment by making a funnel out of tin or thick cardboard, and attach a tube below that has bends at the ends directed in different directions, we get a Segner wheel:

Reactive principle

Escaping water rotates the appliance in the opposite direction to the bends in the tubes. The Segner wheel is named after the inventor - the doctor Segner, who lived in the XNUMXth century.

In the second century BC, the ancient Greek sage Heron of Alexandria invented the ball pinwheel. It was a metal hollow ball with two curved tubes. If you pour a little water into the ball, hang it on a thread, and bring the water to a boil, then the ball will begin to rotate in the opposite direction to the direction of the outflowing steam jet:

Reactive principle

All these experiments clearly illustrate the principle of reactive action.

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