PCB manufacturing. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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PCB manufacturing. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Ham Radio Technologies

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Being engaged in amateur radio for more than a dozen years, I have worked out for myself a simple, but giving a good result, technology for manufacturing printed circuit boards, including quite complex ones. I perform the drawing with a composition based on oven or asphalt varnish. Since the varnish itself is fragile and does not adhere very well to the board, I add 5 ... 7% acid-resistant printing ink to it. The mixture is diluted with benzene or toluene. I determine the amount of thinner empirically - the paint should flow freely from the pen, but not spread over the board.

I made the nibs from the brass refills of a ballpoint pen. I soldered a piece of needle from a syringe into the tip of each rod. The length of the segment is about 10 mm. Needles used different diameters. The working end of the feathers was polished on glass. You can make a pen from a 1 ml disposable syringe.

I dip the pen into the paint, remove the excess with a piece of cloth and draw. At the end of the work, I blow out the remaining paint and clean the channel with a thin steel wire.

I pre-mark the board blank with a caliper, after which I drill holes, clean the foil from dirt and oxides. I start the drawing with pads around the holes. Then I draw the conductors. The paint dries quickly during the drawing process, and you can immediately correct mistakes and remove accidental blots. It is convenient to do this with a scalpel under a magnifying glass.

Next, I heat the workpiece in a gas stove oven for 5 minutes at a temperature of 100 ... 105 ° C. In this case, the paint melts and firmly adheres to the foil, filling all the microvoids that could appear during the drawing process. It is difficult to avoid dust particles or inconspicuous fibers sticking to the pattern, but the melting paint envelops them and does not allow them to appear during etching.

The pickling solution consists of 3% pharmacy hydrogen peroxide and concentrated hydrochloric acid, sold in specialized hardware stores. To process a single-sided board with dimensions of 100x100 mm, you will need three bottles of peroxide of 40 ml and 20 ml of acid. Etching continues for 15...20 min. The solution during etching heats up slightly and soars, so the cuvette should be covered with a sheet of glass, and the process itself should be carried out in a well-ventilated room.

The edges of the printed conductors are slightly etched, so you should not overexpose the board in solution. For the same reason, the width of the conductors should not be less than 0,5 mm. It is possible to pickle a double-sided board of the same dimensions in the same amount of solution, but the process will drag on for a long time.

The processed board is washed with a stream of water. It is best to remove the paint from the drawing with a cloth swab soaked in acetone. It does not smear on the board, but rolls up and is easily removed.

Author: M.Dorofeev, Moscow

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