Domestic coaxial cables. General information. Reference data
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Reference materials
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This group includes cables designed to connect various radio devices and radio frequency installations.
The main types of cables are produced in accordance with GOST 11326.0-78. In addition, special cables are produced according to separate documentation.
Overview
RF cables are available in the following types:
RK - RF coaxial cables;
RD - RF balanced cables, two-core or two coaxial pairs;
RS - RF cables with spiral conductors, coaxial and symmetrical.
Cables by design of the insulation are divided into three groups:
1) cables with solid insulation, in which the entire space between the inner and outer conductors (coaxial cables) or between the conductive cores and their screen (balanced cables) is filled with solid insulation or a winding of insulating tapes;
2) air-insulated cables, in which on the inner conductor (coaxial cables or balanced cables of two coaxial pairs) or on the cores (balanced cables) at a certain interval there are washers made of insulating material, caps or a cordel superimposed along a helical spiral, forming an insulating frame between the inner and outer conductors or between the conductors and their screen;
3) cables with semi-air insulation, in which a tube of insulating material, made in solid or in the form of a winding of tapes, is located above or below an insulating frame placed between the inner and outer conductors (coaxial cables or balanced cables of two coaxial pairs) or on each of the two lived (symmetrical cables).
Semi-air insulation also includes porous-plastic, balloon and insulation in the form of a slotted tube.
According to the nominal wave impedance, the following rows of cables are installed:
- RK type - 50, 75, 100, 150 and 200 ohms;
- RS type - 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 400. 800. 1600 and 3200 ohms;
- RD type - 75, 100, 150, 200 and 300 ohms.
In technically justified cases, wave impedance less than 50 Ohm is allowed. Values are selected from the range: 6; 9,5; 12,5; 19; 25; 37,5 ohm.
The nominal diameter for the insulation of a coaxial cable, coaxial pairs of a balanced cable and the largest dimension but filling or twisting of a balanced two-core cable must be equal to one of the values of the following series: 0.60; 0.87:1.0:1.5; 2,2; 2,95; 3,7; 4,6; 4,8; 5,6; 7,25; 9,0; 11,5; 13,0; 17,3; 24,0; 33,0; 44,0; 60,0; 75,0 mm. It is allowed to design and manufacture cables with a diameter of less than 0,6 mm.
For cables with a corrugated outer conductor, the insulation diameter is assumed to be equal to the smallest inner diameter of the corrugation.
The nominal core diameter of a cable with a spiral inner conductor must be one of the following values 3,0; 7 mm. Other diameter sizes are allowed, which must be specified in the standards and specifications for cables of certain brands.
Coaxial cables, depending on the nominal diameter of the insulation, are divided into four groups: subminiature - up to 1 mm in diameter, miniature - from 1,5 to 2,95 mm, medium-sized - from 3,7 to 11,5 and large-sized - more than 11,5 mm.
According to heat resistance, cables are divided into three categories:
- ordinary heat resistance - for temperatures up to 125C inclusive;
- increased heat resistance - for temperatures above 125C to 250C inclusive;
- high heat resistance - for temperatures above 250C.
Cable brands must consist of letters, cable type and three numbers (separated by a dash)
First number means the value of the nominal wave resistance.
Second number means:
- for coaxial cables, the value of the nominal insulation diameter, rounded to the nearest lower whole number for diameters greater than 2 mm (with the exception of a diameter of 2,95 mm, which should be rounded up to 3, and a diameter of 3 mm, which should not be rounded);
- for cables with spiral inner conductors - the value of the nominal diameter of the core;
- for symmetrical cables with insulated conductors - the value of the largest dimension in terms of filling or twisting.
The third a two- or three-digit number, the first digit of which means the insulation group and the heat resistance category of the cable, and the next one is the serial number of the development.
Each group of insulation with the corresponding heat resistance of the cable is assigned the following numerical designation
1. Cables of ordinary heat resistance with solid insulation;
2. Cables of increased heat resistance with solid insulation;
3. Cables of ordinary heat resistance with semi-air insulation;
4. Cables of increased heat resistance with semi-air insulation;
5. Cables of ordinary heat resistance with air insulation;
6. Cables of increased heat resistance with air insulation;
7. Cables of high heat resistance.
The letter C is added to the brand of cables of increased uniformity or increased stability of parameters at the end through a dash.
In brands of coaxial and symmetrical cables, the protective cover of which belongs to the types provided for by GOST 7006-72, at the end through a dash, the letter designation of the type of armor must be indicated. In technically justified cases, it is allowed to introduce additional letter designations, which should be specified in the standard or technical specifications for a cable of a certain brand.
Publication: cxem.net
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