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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Protection of equipment from emergency operation of the network, uninterruptible power supplies
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Due to the instability of the electrical network (especially in rural areas) and overvoltage, household appliances can fail: light bulbs, various heating devices, electric motors of refrigerators and other appliances, radio equipment, etc.
I propose an automatic machine that monitors the state of the electrical network and automatically turns off and off the load. The load will be switched on only when the electrical network is in a normal state.
(click to enlarge)
The threshold circuit is powered from the mains through quenching resistors R3, R4 and diodes VD1...VD4. The VD8 zener diode is used to stabilize the supply voltage of the circuit. The changing mains voltage is fed through the diode bridge VD1 ... VD4 to the divider R1, R2. From the engine of the resistor R2, which sets the trigger voltage of the device, the control voltage is supplied through the diode VD5 to the base of the transistor VT1. The Zener diode VD6 serves to protect the transistor from high voltages. When the voltage in the network is higher than normal, the voltage at the base of the transistor rises, it opens and turns on relay K1. Contacts K1.1 are closed, relay K2 is activated and the contacts K2.1 disconnect the load.
After the restoration of voltage in the electrical network, relay K1 is de-energized, turns off relay K2, which turns on the load with contacts K2.1.
LEDs VD10, VD12 serve to indicate the status of the device.
Relay K2 - any with a winding operating voltage of 220 V, K1 - also any of the RES-9 series.
Establishing the device comes down to setting the voltage of the machine to operate with resistor R2.
Author: N.Basenkov, Dobrush
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