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Trains instead of planes

30.01.2020

Europeans are increasingly opting for rail transport over air travel because they are ashamed of the damage that airplanes do to the environment.

In Europe, the movement to protect the environment is rapidly gaining popularity, symbolized by the Swedish schoolgirl Greta Thunberg. Environmental activists, in particular, are promoting a phenomenon called Flight Shaming - its supporters are calling for shame on those who fly planes and thereby allegedly harm the planet. Apparently, Europeans are really becoming ashamed of flying: in Sweden and Germany, the number of air travel has fallen for the first time in ten years.

Swedish airports in 2019 received 4% fewer passengers than in 2018, and airlines carried 2% fewer people (on domestic flights - 9% less). German airlines delivered 0,4% fewer passengers, while domestic traffic fell by 2%. Supporters of flight shaming are calling for the use of trains instead of planes, and apparently this is working: in Europe, there is an increase in passenger traffic on railway lines.

The German Deutsche Bahn in 2019 transported a record number of passengers on long-distance trains - about 150 million people per year. Due to the increase in traffic, Europe's rail networks may face problems with outdated infrastructure. For example, 33 thousand kilometers of German railways are overloaded, which is why every fourth train arrived late in 2019. In the UK, the situation is even worse - every third train is late and the carriages are often overcrowded.

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Strong emotions bring people together 08.06.2012

Researchers from Aalto University and the Turku PET Center have found that experiencing strong emotions literally synchronizes the brain activity of different individuals.

Human emotions are highly contagious. Various emotional manifestations, such as a smile, often evoke corresponding emotional reactions in the observer as well. This synchronization of emotional states in humans can support social interaction. When all members of a group share a common emotional state, their brains and bodies process environmental information in the same way.

This discovery by Finnish scientists shows for the first time how strong emotions bring people together. In their study, the scientists used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) recordings of subjects' brain activity while watching short pleasant, neutral, and unpleasant films. As a result, it turned out that especially strong negative emotions synchronize the neural networks of information processing in the frontal and middle regions of the brain. Highly exciting and exciting events in turn cause synchronized activity in the neural networks that provide vision, attention and touch.

The joint experience of emotional states synchronizes the somatosensory system, which collects information about the state of the body and the environment and transmits it to the sensory areas of the brain. This mechanism allows you to automatically "tune in" and "sync" with other people, which facilitates social interaction and group activities.

The study by Finnish scientists is of great importance for improving the current "neural" models of human emotions and group behavior. It also explains some aspects of mental disorders associated with antisocial behavior.

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