Safe charger
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells
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When charging small nickel-cadmium batteries, there may be a danger of their failure as a result of overcharging, especially if the charger (charger) is not automatic.
I offer a very affordable way to ensure the safety of charging. In the simplest charger for D-0,26 batteries (see diagram), a VD2 KS3A stabistor is connected in parallel to the rectifier diode VD119. Now, if the voltage on the battery does not exceed 1,3 V (Uvd3 - Uvd1). it is charging through the VD2 diode, and as soon as the voltage on the battery exceeds this value, the stabistor will open and a discharge current will also begin to flow through the battery. Thus, the stabistor "will not allow" the battery to be recharged.
In the same way, you can protect the battery from overcharging. For example, a flashlight with three D-0,26 batteries uses a similar charger. In this case, the standard VD2 diode is replaced with a KS147A zener diode while maintaining the switching polarity. Now nothing will happen to the batteries, even if you accidentally leave the flashlight plugged in for a week.
Considering that stabistors, like zener diodes, have a voltage spread, it is advisable to select the appropriate device with the necessary stabilization voltage.
Author: G.Sergeychuk, Rostov-on-Don
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