Regulated power supply for automotive electrical repair and battery charging, 3-5 volts 10 amps. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells
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When repairing components of automotive electrical equipment (drive motors, relays, electric locks, alarms, etc.), as well as charging batteries in stationary conditions, a DC source is required that delivers a current of at least 10 A and ensures that the output voltage is adjusted within 3... 15 V.
From the point of view of simplicity and reliability, it is most expedient to use a combination of a diode rectifier and a thyristor voltage regulator.
The figure shows a simple source circuit with a thyristor regulator that provides a load current of up to 10 A and output voltage regulation in the range of 3-5 V.
The mains voltage is reduced to a certain maximum constant value by the transformer T1. Next, follows a simple rectifier diodes VD1 and VD2.
At the point of connection of these diodes in relation to the tap of the secondary winding of the transformer, there will be a pulsating voltage.
In principle, it can be immediately applied to the load, but it is also necessary to provide adjustment. The traditional use of a transistor as a control element will require a very massive radiator for it and reduce the reliability of the device, so the control element is made on the VS1 thyristor.
During the half-cycle, an increasing voltage is applied to the anode of the thyristor. Until the opening voltage is supplied to the control electrode of the thyristor, it is closed. The moment on the half-wave curve of a sinusoidal voltage at which the thyristor opens is determined by the circuit C1, R1, C2, R2, R3.
By adjusting the position on the function of the variable voltage of the thyristor opening moment (the thyristor opening phase shift angle), using resistor R1, you can adjust the level of the amplitude of the pulsating voltage at the thyristor cathode.
An automobile ammeter with a scale of 10 A is connected in series with the load, and a voltmeter is connected in parallel.
The transformer is wound on a core of size Sh-35x52. The primary winding contains 600 turns of PEV-0,54 wire, the secondary 2x70 turns of PEV-1,0 wire.
The thyristor requires a heat sink, so it can be installed directly on the metal case of the device. The output terminals do not have contact with the body.
At the output of the device, you can turn on a capacitor bank (of the order of 10 microfarads), which will smooth out the inevitable voltage ripples.
The device can be used not only for equipment repair, but also for charging batteries.
Author: Shelestov I.P.
See other articles Section Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells.
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