Charger-machine. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Charger-machine. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells

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The device provides charging conditions close to optimal.

Its main difference from the common ones is that the comparison of the voltage on the battery being charged with the exemplary one takes place over a period of time in which the charging current does not flow through the battery (when charging current, it is difficult to judge the degree of its charge from the voltage on the battery). The comparison takes place at the beginning of each positive half-cycle, while the thyristor VS1 is still closed.

Automatic charger

When a discharged battery is connected to the device, the thyristor VS1 opens at times close to the beginning of each positive half-cycle (the thyristor is closed during the entire negative half-cycle). As the battery charges, the voltage on it increases, due to which the thyristor opens later, closer to the middle of the half-cycle.

The thyristor closes at the end of the positive half-cycle, when the voltage of the winding II of the transformer T1 becomes less than the voltage on the battery.

The exemplary voltage is formed by the circuit R2, VD1, VD2. It is compared with the voltage of the battery being charged for the purpose of the control electrode of the thyristor VS1. Diode VD2 protects the zener diode VD1 from the negative voltage half-wave. The output voltage of the device to a certain extent depends on the parameters of the thyristor VS1. If it turns out to be less than necessary, then you will need to select a thyristor.

You can also choose a zener diode for a higher stabilization voltage, in parallel with the VD1, VD2 circuit, turn on a variable resistor with a resistance of about 500 ohms and connect the VD3 diode to its engine.

The charger is easy to convert to full wave. To do this, it must be connected to the winding II of the transformer T1 through a rectifier diode bridge (diodes must be selected for the appropriate current). In this case, the need for the diode VD2 disappears.

Transformer T1 is calculated in the usual way, based on the magnitude of the charging current of the battery. The voltage of the secondary winding (under load) is 20 V.

Author: Shelestov I.P.

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