Wind power plant for a greenhouse. Scheme, description

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Wind power plant for a greenhouse. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Alternative energy sources

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It is impossible to fully provide the needs of the greenhouse with solar energy all year round. There are frequent cases when it snows for weeks or prolonged cold rain, the wind blows, the sky is covered with dense clouds. In principle, it is possible to accumulate solar heat for the entire winter half-year (for example, by pumping water heated in solar collectors into deep wells), but it is economically unrealistic.

In these cases, you need to turn to wind energy, especially since in bad weather it almost always blows.

The creation of a wind farm (WPP), as a rule, is approached too demandingly: the parameters of the generated voltage must be the same as in the power grid, excess energy must be supplied to the state power grid or sent to charge batteries.

All this is correct, but very expensive. The wind turbine and voltage generators must be not only reliable, but also cheap, available for use in any village, garden cooperative. The described WPP project [1] is based on the following provisions.

1. The wind turbine should not be of a propeller type, but of a rotary type. The latter has a number of advantages, including: simplicity of design and its lower cost, lower initial wind speed and greater power.

2. It is desirable to use generators from cars. Several of them can be connected to one wind turbine. In this case, a safe voltage of 12 or 24 V is formed. Voltage stabilization is carried out by standard automotive regulators.

3. Serial production of most units and elements of the installation. Even used, semi-serviceable parts can come in handy. For example, the rear axles of the car, hubs, hand brakes. This way is technologically and economically profitable.

4. The accumulation of wind energy is expedient primarily by heating large masses of water (in thermally insulated tanks, inland water bodies) with the subsequent use of warm (hot) water for any needs in the economy.

In a greenhouse, you can use a reservoir or water tank located above or below the soil surface. Various design options are possible here.

The easiest way to heat water is with heating elements in barrels installed at the bottom of the greenhouse. They can be open to humidify the air, or closed with a film. Turning the heating elements on and off can be done automatically.

Several original and inexpensive versions of wind farms have been developed and are available for manufacturing in workshops. They can be used for the needs of farms, several rural estates or country houses.

Wind turbine for greenhouse

The figure shows a wind farm of a rotary type (1 - wind wheel; 2 - frame; 3 - gearbox; 4 - generators; 5 - tower with guy wires; 6 - automation and network connection unit; 7 - cable; 8 - foundation). The basis of the structure is a tower made of a metal pipe. Its height should be such that the wind wheel (turbine) rises at least 1 m above the surrounding objects (trees, houses). A wind wheel with a gearbox and generators is installed on the tower.

The tower is held in a vertical position by four guy wires, which are attached through lanyards to the outlets of the reinforcement of the concrete foundation.

The wind wheel consists of three optimally curved parts. At a wind speed of 0,5 m / s, it rotates the rotors of the generators through the gearbox. Electrical voltage is generated.

With such a wind farm design, there is no need to use current collectors, since the generator stators are located in the tower and are stationary. The manufactured sample of the WPP with a rotary wind turbine showed high economic and operational characteristics.

The wind speed at which the nominal generator power of 7 kW is provided is 7,5 m/s. The wind turbine in working order withstands gusts of wind at speeds of up to 50 m/s or more without damage, is resistant to ice, snow and sandstorms, and does not require orientation to the wind.

References:

Ivanko A., Kalinichenko A., Shmat N. Solar Vegetarian. - Kyiv: Anfas, 1996.

Author: A.I.Kulesh

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