Load management with caller ID. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Telephony

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 Telephones with automatic caller identification (CANs) based on the Z80 processor are used less and less. For some, they are completely idle, although the device is quite efficient. You can give it back a second life by turning your phone into a programmable timer that controls loads.

Among the many functions of telephones with automatic number identification (CAN), there is, unfortunately, no possibility of managing external loads. These devices lack both a special output port and software support for such a port. This shortcoming is especially manifested against the background of the wide possibilities inherent in the latest modifications of the program (version "Rus" with number 17 and higher).

The proposed program control device (PUD) is one of the options for solving the problem. In essence, an additional port is introduced into the apparatus, which generates digital signals to control four independent loads.

The operation of the device is based on the fact that when any alarm goes off, the symbol "E" is displayed on the indicator in the leftmost digit. and in the next category - the number of the activated alarm clock. It is this information that the set-top box captures and, after decryption, issues a command to turn on or off a specific channel. There are ten such teams in total.

The prefix is ​​built on widely available elements, does not contain tuning nodes, and is compatible with Rus versions starting from 17 and higher. The disadvantage of the system is a significant current consumption, since it contains TTL microcircuits. In addition, load management during a call is not guaranteed, since alarms may not work when the handset is lifted (the possibility of working in this mode may depend on the version of the Caller ID program and should be verified experimentally).

The use of the UPU can be varied. This is the control of household electrical appliances, lighting, devices for an aquarium, etc. Programming by the days of the week makes it possible for the system to work when there is a long absence of people, for example, during a vacation. It is interesting to use the UPU for "security" purposes - to simulate the presence of people in the room (turning on and off the lighting, TV, etc.).

The scheme of the attachment is shown in the figure.

(click to enlarge)

Chip DD1, controlled by the signal to turn on the first bit of the indicator, captures the appearance in this bit of the character "E". At the same time, a low level occurs at its output 10, allowing the operation of decoders DD2, DD3. The latter are designed to decipher the seven-element code of the digit that appeared after the "E" character. The operation of the DD2 decoder is additionally gated by the RES signal, which reduces the likelihood of false alarms during power-on and power-off transients.

Chips DD4 and DD5 form an encoder. The outputs of the encoder control the switching of channels of the output register DD6. carrying information about the current state of the loads (on or off). The system provides for the storage of these data during power outages. To this end, when the power is turned off, the DD6 outputs are transferred to a high-impedance state by a low level at pin 5, and the microcircuit itself is powered by capacitor C3. This allows you to save information for several hours.

The table shows the correspondence of commands to alarm numbers.

Trigger DD7.1 and transistor VT1 form a node to reset the alarm mode. VT1 opens by simulating pressing the "#" button on the Caller ID keypad. As a result, the phone switches from alarm mode to watch mode.

The SA1 toggle switch blocks the operation of the system as a whole. HL1 - on indicator.

To connect the device, you need to find a register on the AON board that controls the indicator elements (chip type - K555IR22, K555IR23 or foreign analogues - 74LS373.74LS374, etc.). AG signals are taken from the corresponding outputs of the register. In some devices, the indicator elements are connected to the microcircuit without limiting resistors. For proper operation of the UPA, these resistors must be installed, their resistance should be from 100 to 200 ohms. The signals T1 and T2 are removed from the corresponding cathodes of the indicator (the first and second digits on the left). The RES conductor is connected to pin 26 of the Z80 processor. If the AON processor uses an active-high reset signal, specifically 80s31. then this signal must be applied to pin 6 DD2 through the inverter.

Loads can be managed in a variety of ways. This can be most simply implemented using optocouplers or electromagnetic relays. Galvanic isolation of AON circuits with the mains is required! It is possible to transmit commands via a wireless communication channel (infrared or radio channel) using appropriate receiving and transmitting devices.

The device uses MLT resistors. capacitors KM, K50-35 or imported analogues (C3 must be with a low leakage current). Diodes - any low-power silicon, transistor VT1 - from the KT315 series. KT342, KT3102 with any letter index. Chips DDI-DD5 can be replaced by analogues from the KP1533 series. this will reduce power consumption somewhat.

The device is mounted on a segment of the breadboard and placed inside the AON housing. The size and shape of the board depends on the size of the case. Power is supplied from the +5V supply of the phone.

Establishing the UPU consists in checking the preservation of information when the power is turned off. To do this, set the outputs of all channels to a high level by executing the command E9 (you can control the status of the channels by connecting LEDs to the outputs). Then you should repeatedly turn off and on again the power supply of the AON. monitoring the status of the indicators. It should remain the same each time you turn it on. After that, it is necessary to repeat the test, having previously entered the E0 command (all channels are disabled). If failures are still noted, you should check the correct formation of the RES signal at pin 6 of the DD2 chip. You can try to shunt each of the resistors R10-R17 with a 1 ... 1 uF capacitor.

Programming the system comes down to setting the appropriate caller ID alarms at the right time, taking into account the days of the week, while the SA1 toggle switch must be in the "Off" position. For example, to turn on the second channel at 20 o'clock, you must enter this time into the 3rd alarm clock. must be set to the "and" mode for a single or to the "0" mode for multiple triggering (see the instruction manual for the caller ID). digit - the desired command number, then press the "*" key of the phone and the SB5 button of the set-top box.In this case, the command will be executed, and the device will go into the clock state.

After entering the entire program, the device is switched to the operating mode with the SA1 toggle switch (position "On"). If there is a need to erase the entire program, you can type the key combination: "*", "*", "3". "5", "3". all alarms are turned off.

During the operation of the system, one unpleasant situation is possible. It consists in the fact that when a call comes from the telephone line, the alarm is delayed. However, the alarm will not work if the corresponding minute was completely occupied by a call. This means the passage of 12 or more inductor parcels. It is clear that the probability of such a coincidence is low.

It should be noted that the use of the PU device is advisable if the caller ID is able to save information when the power is turned off. Otherwise, a failure caused by a power outage can disrupt the operation of the PU system, and restarting the AON will disable it altogether. To prevent such situations, the device must be equipped with failure protection, for example, made according to the scheme published in the article "So is it possible to protect AON from failures?"in "Radio", 2000, No. 1, pp. 38 - 40.

Author: D. Nikishin, Kaluga

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