How to make a simple programmer for PICs and AVRs. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Microcontrollers

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Free programmers that can be found on the Internet are hopelessly behind chip developers and do not offer quick upgrades for programming new microcontrollers.

In this case, an attempt was made to develop a software shell within which it would be easy to increase the possibilities for programming various chips, at least for predefined families.

The programmer is characterized by:

• Tested under Windows 98, Windows Me, Windows 2000 with Celeron, AMD Duron, AMD Athlon T, Pentium III processors up to 1000 MHz
• Programming is carried out through the RS232 port
• The program does not require installation and additional drivers
• Programs microcontrollers of the PIC family (debugging was carried out on PIC16F84 and PIC16F877) using a serial protocol and microcontrollers of the AVR family (debugging was carried out on AT90S8535)
• Provides the ability to independently add new chips from the specified families with an identical programming protocol using configuration files
• Allows you to arbitrarily change the structure and content of the menu of programmable chips and information fields associated with the programmable chip
• Allows you to upload and edit binary and HEX files, perform block operations with data, calculate CRC using several algorithms
• Allows individual programming of various areas of the chip (program memory, data memory, option bits, security bits)

Rice. 1. PIC programming window

Rice. 2. Diagram of the PIC programmer

It does not differ in particular originality, since it basically repeats the scheme from the well-known programmer PonyProg. Attention should be paid to the signal level at the CLOCK pin of the chip, it should not be less than 4 V at a high level, which can happen if the zener diode is selected incorrectly.

AVR Programming

Rice. 2. AVR programming scheme

Here is a way how to program the AT90S8535 directly on the board using RS232 and a small hardware add-on. Chip DD1 serves to isolate the programming signals from the chip in the operating mode. The wiring of the microcircuit is shown in the block with the arrangement of contacts of the PGA44 type. Tests have shown that most of the AT90S8535 and AT90S8515 chips can be programmed at 11,0592MHz crystal.

Structure of configuration files

The configuration files have the chp extension and must be located in the program directory. When launched, the program searches its directory for all configuration files and merges them in the internal buffer. The idea of ​​such files is taken from the ComPic programmer and slightly modified. Each chip has its own section. The possibility of inheriting properties is not provided, as this worsens the transparency of the description.

Example configuration file structure for PIC16F84

Author: Alexander Eliseev, ase@takas.lt; Publication: cxem.net

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