Soldering iron-economy. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Soldering iron-economy. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Ham Radio Technologies

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Repair of electronic devices for radio amateurs is primarily associated with the need to restore holes and the likelihood of damage to the conductive tracks of printed circuit boards. The proposed universal soldering iron with a solder suction device and replaceable nozzles will allow replacing radioelements quickly and efficiently.

Using such a soldering iron, you can dismantle transistors, microcircuits, relays, pulse transformers, plug connectors and many other elements. In addition, it, of course, can be used for its intended purpose - for assembling electronic devices.

Universal soldering iron (click to enlarge): 1 - nozzle for solder suction (copper), 2 - heat conductor (bronze, brass), 3 - heater casing (steel 3), 4 - heater (36 V, 50 W), 5 - screw M3, 6 - half ring (steel 3), 7 - tube (steel 3), 8 - suction chamber cover (fiberglass), 9 - nut M6 (2 pcs.), 10 - cylinder clamp (2 pcs.), 11 - cylinder, 12 - piston washer (fiberglass), 13 - cuff (leather, Teflon film), 14 - piston washer (fiberglass), 15 - rod guide bush (plexiglass), 16 - piston rod (hard rubber, plexiglass), 17 - spring , 18 - hook, 19 - M4 screw (2 pcs.), 20 - bracket axis, 21 - hook bracket (steel 3), 22 - spring, 23 - handle case, 24 - power cord, 25 - trigger (getinaks ), 26 - suction chamber (ebonite), 27 - M3 screw (4 pcs.), 28 - connecting column (steel 3, 2 pcs.), 29 - heater power wire, 30 - replaceable nozzle for dismantling microcircuits.

Structurally, the soldering iron is made in the form of a gun. Drawings and photographs give a visual representation of it and the principle of its operation. After warming up the soldering iron, connected to the electrical network of the required voltage, the piston is reset by pressing the hook (for cocking the return spring) and is fixed by the bracket. The place from which it is required to remove the solder to free the part or hole from it is wetted with alcohol-rosin flux on both sides of the board and warmed up. When the tin melts, we press the trigger guard, the hook is released from it, and the piston moves to its original position by the force of the return spring. A vacuum vacuum is formed in the cylinder, which transports the solder to the suction chamber.

It is possible that the melt remains in the heat guide channel. Having lowered the soldering iron down, it is necessary to press the hook with a sharp movement, and the compressed air will eject the liquid metal.

If you need to dismantle the microcircuit from the printed circuit board, then a dismantling nozzle is installed in the heat conductor, the board is wetted with flux and heated with a soldering iron. Next, with a light but sharp movement, prying the microcircuit, we remove it from the holes. It remains only to remove the solder in the described way, and the board is prepared for installing a new element.

In this design, the heating element is taken from a 36V 50W industrial soldering iron. You can make it yourself, counting on any voltage and power of 30 ... 40 W and winding the winding on a heat conductor with mica gaskets. The casing is bent in the form of a cylinder made of sheet steel with a thickness of 0,5-1 mm. Through a steel half-ring, it is attached with an M3 screw to the suction tube.

The suction tube has, on one side, an M5 internal thread for tight connection with the heat conductor (tight fit is possible), and on the other, an M6 external thread for fastening with two nuts from the SPO-0,5 resistors to the suction chamber cover. The chamber is machined from organic glass and plays the role of an intermediate volume for collecting solder.

As a cylinder, a gas cartridge for lighters (produced by the Sumy Production Association "Electron"), which has gone out of use, is used. It is connected to the suction chamber through a rubber gasket with two screws and a cap with an M3 thread. The piston consists of outer and inner fiberglass washers and a rod machined from ebonite or plexiglass. There is a leather cuff between the pucks. Teflon film with a thickness of 0,35 ... 0,4 mm has proven itself well as a cuff.

The piston return spring is selected empirically according to the required force. Its inner diameter is 8...12 mm, the wire section is 1...1,5 mm. Trigger material - sheet getinaks 4 mm thick.

The body-handle is glued from polystyrene with solvent No. 647. The middle part has a thickness of 4 mm, with a selection of a window for the finger, trigger and hook bracket. The outer ones consist of two plates 3 mm thick each. The parts are connected with four screws 2X8 mm. The cylinder is attached to the handle with two clamps made of steel strip.

A replaceable nozzle for solder suction is machined from a copper bar Ø 6 mm, followed by drilling of an axial hole (suction channel). Several such nozzles can be made, with different channel diameters corresponding to different diameters or thicknesses of the leads of the radioelements. On the one hand, the nozzles have an M6 thread for installation in a heat conductor, and on the other, they have a thinning necessary for work.

For dismantling microcircuits, a nozzle made of a copper plate 3...4 mm thick, bent in the form of a gutter and having longitudinal grooves in accordance with the location of the microcircuit pins, is used. Specific dimensions are selected depending on the needs.

Author: I.Vorona, Sumy

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