Welding machine from an electric motor. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Welding machine from an electric motor. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Ham Radio Technologies

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A welding machine in the home workshop is the dream of many radio amateurs. But here's the problem: where to get iron for the manufacture of its main part - a powerful transformer? I offer a simple way out. A defective electric motor with a power of at least 7,5 kW, with a speed of 740-960 rpm is suitable for a transformer (in these electric motors, the rotor diameter is larger than in electric motors with a speed of 1500 - 3000 per minute). The electric motor is disassembled, the stator winding is removed from it. Then the stator housing is broken and an iron package is removed from it, in which the winding was laid. After that, the necessary winding is wound on the iron - just like on a 0-shaped core, i.e. using a shuttle. To calculate the number of turns, you need a 12 volt transformer and a 5 amp AC ammeter. Having chosen any wire with a cross section of at least 1,5 mm, 20 turns are wound on the core, then a voltage of 12 volts is applied to this winding and the current flowing in it is measured. The current should be about 2 amps. If it is less, the number of turns is reduced, and if more, it is increased. Finally, the resulting number of turns is divided by 12 and the result is obtained: the number of turns per 1 volt. In the author's version, an electric motor with a power of 7,5 kW, 960 rpm was used.

Considerable difficulty was in the implementation of the secondary winding. I abandoned the use of wire in glass insulation and for the secondary winding I used PETV-2 wire with a diameter of 2,36 mm, which was folded seven times, that is, each turn was made into seven wires. The primary winding is made of wire with a cross section of 2,36 mm, folded in half. You can use any wire with a diameter of 1,5 mm to 2,5 mm for windings, having previously recalculated the number of conductors in a coil according to its cross section. The secondary winding wire must be insulated along its entire length, for which you can use ordinary electrical tape. First, a winding of 220 volts is wound, then all the rest.

Particular attention should be paid to the quality of the insulation between the windings. By making a tap in the secondary winding to obtain a voltage of 13 volts and placing diodes, the transformer can be used to start a car without a battery. The voltage of the secondary winding should be 60 ... 70 volts. With these data, the welding machine cooks with electrodes from 3 to 5 mm. After laying both windings, if there is enough space left, you can make a winding for spot welding. This winding consists of 4 turns of a copper strip measuring 40 x 5 mm. The thickness of iron fastened by spot welding with these data is 1,5 mm. A welding transformer manufactured in this way has been operating reliably for 10 years already.

Author: S. Vorobyov, Liski; Publication: cxem.net

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