Remote control chandelier. Scheme, description

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Remote control chandelier. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting

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The proposed device was designed for remote control of a five-arm chandelier (3 + 2 lamps) in a room where there is no corresponding wiring. No additional wiring is required. The usual wall switch of the chandelier continues to operate, which eliminates the inconvenience of people who are not accustomed to using remote controls (RC).

Rice. 1 (click to enlarge)

The scheme of the device is shown in fig. 1 Although the lamps EL1 and EL2 are conditionally shown as single ones, each of them can be a group of two or three lamps connected in parallel. The VD1 zener diode serves as a rectifier element and at the same time as a rectified voltage stabilizer. Capacitor C1 - smoothing. There is an additional filter L5C2 in the power supply circuit of module B2.

Resistor R3 and Zener diode VD1 form mains frequency pulses, the drops of which coincide with the moments when the instantaneous value of the mains voltage is close to zero. The R6C4 circuit, when the power is turned on, sends a pulse to the microcontroller, setting it to its initial state.

By pressing the SB1 button, the device is put into the mode of selecting the remote control buttons, which will turn the lamps on and off in the future, and complete this operation. LED HL1 - indicator of IR signal reception and device operation mode.

Resistors R7 and R8 limit the current of the control electrode of triacs VS1 and VS2. Damping circuits C5R9 and C6R10 are necessary for the normal operation of energy-saving fluorescent lamps. If only incandescent lamps are installed in the chandelier, these circuits can be discarded.

Triacs VT137-600 can be replaced with VT136-600, VT138-600. Since the total current of the pulses controlling them with a duration of 630 μs does not exceed 60 mA, the control electrodes are connected through resistors directly to the microcontroller outputs. Triacs of the KU208 series should not be used here, they require a much larger control current.

If you reduce the value of capacitor C2 to 0,68 μF, then at a mains voltage below 180 V (which is not uncommon in winter), the device will become unstable. Since when the voltage in the network increases to 230 V, the current flowing through the VD2 zener diode with the lamps off reaches 65 mA, a high-power zener diode D815A is used. Devices of this type have a fairly large spread in the stabilization voltage. For installation in the device, it is recommended to select an instance in which it is in the range of 5,6 ... 5,7 V.

The inductance of the inductor L1 can be in the range of 60 ... 100 μH. It is not worth replacing it with a resistor, because the voltage drop across it can make the supply voltage of the B1 IR module insufficient for its operation.

The PC838 module used by the author (there was no other) is designed to receive IR pulses following at a frequency of 38 kHz. Although most remotes emit pulses with a different frequency (usually 36 kHz), the range of the device turned out to be quite sufficient to control the chandelier from anywhere in the room. It is more correct, however, to replace this module with another one tuned to 36 kHz, such as TSOP1736.

Chandelier remote control
Fig. 2

The printed circuit board of the remote control device is one-sided made of foil fiberglass. Her drawing is shown in Fig. 2, and the appearance with installed parts is shown in fig. 3. If energy-saving lamps are installed in the chandelier, it is not required to remove heat from triacs VS1, VS2. But to refuse to install them on the heat sink is still undesirable. This will eliminate problems if you need to replace energy-saving lamps with conventional ones.

Chandelier remote control
Ris.3

When the mains voltage is applied to the device for the first time (for example, by a wall switch in the chandelier circuit), according to the program of the DD1 microcontroller, the EL1 lamp turns on. The first thing to do after this is to select the buttons on the remote control used, which will turn the chandelier lamps on and off in the future, and enter this information into the memory of the microcontroller. To do this, press the button SB1. The EL1 lamp should go out, and the HL1 LED should turn on.

Pointing the remote control at module B1, press the three selected buttons in turn. The one that is pressed first will control the EL1 lamp, the second one will control the EL2 lamp, and the third one will control both lamps together. During the reception of the remote control command, the HL1 LED should blink.

After another press of the SB1 button, the device is ready for use. If you do not need to control both lamps at the same time, you can not assign the remote control button to perform this function by completing the operation after selecting the first two remote control buttons by pressing the SB1 button.

Although the microcontroller program was designed to accept remote control commands given according to the RC-5 protocol, it turned out that the device works fine with many remote controls using a different, usually unknown protocol.

This is apparently due to the fact that the actual decoding of commands is not provided for in the program. It only distinguishes them by measuring the time intervals between the drops of the pulses that form the command. The sequence of these intervals for each command is unique regardless of the coding system adopted in a particular remote control. The differences between "long" and "short" intervals are quite large, which made it possible to abandon the quartz stabilization of the microcontroller clock frequency.

In the process of selecting control buttons, their codes, defined by the program, are written to the EEPROM of the microcontroller. In the future, each received code is compared with the samples stored in the memory, and if it matches, the corresponding action is performed - the chandelier lamps are turned on or off.

The pulses that open the triacs are generated by the program at the moments when the instantaneous value of the mains voltage is close to zero. This reduces the interference generated by the device when operating other electronic household appliances.

When all lamps are off, the HL1 LED is on. Since when receiving any IR command, even not included in the number of those stored in the memory of the microcontroller, the LED blinks, this allows you to check the operability of the remote control. When any lamp is turned on, the LED goes out.

The device remembers the state of the chandelier lamps at the moment it is disconnected from the mains (for example, by a wall switch). The next time you turn it on, this state will be restored. However, if all the lamps have been extinguished, then after clicking the wall switch, the EL1 lamp will light up. This eliminates the need to look for the remote control in the dark.

There is no need to set up the device, it starts working immediately after power is applied. But still, before installing the module and the microcontroller on the IR board, it is recommended to assemble and check their power unit by plugging it into the network and measuring the voltage between the contact pads of the board intended for the power outputs of these elements. It should not differ from 5 V by more than 0,25 .5 V, remaining within these limits both at the minimum and at the maximum voltage in the network, including when simulating a load in the 50 V circuit with a resistor with a resistance of 100 ... 220 Ohm. No parts should get very hot. When checking, care must be taken, since the conductors of the printed circuit board and the elements installed on it are under the mains voltage of XNUMX V.

It is convenient to place the device on the ceiling near the chandelier suspension hook.

The microcontroller program can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.radio.ru/pub/2011/11/ProgDU.zip.

Author: V. Vavilin

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