Generator to drive a multi-color LED. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting

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If for some reason you don't want or can't use commercially available multi-color flashing LEDs for your next build, an alternative solution is to use a XNUMX-chip solid LED. Each of its crystals is connected to the output of the generator, which is described in the article.

Multi-color flashing LEDs are used in children's toys, Christmas tree garlands, inexpensive sound-reproducing devices, they are fascinating in the variety of generated color effects, but the program or frequency of switching color combinations embedded in them cannot be changed in any way. If you want to equip the design with a multi-color power indicator in order, for example, in the dark to better identify it relative to other working devices with luminous LED indicators, then you can make a simple generator that will control the operation of a multi-color LED.

The oscillator circuit for driving the LF-5WAEMBGMBW LED with four crystals is shown in fig. 1. This LED contains one green, one red and two blue crystals each. The basis of the device is a 564TM3 CMOS chip containing four D-flip-flops with direct and inverse outputs. An RC oscillator is assembled on each of the D-flip-flops of the microcircuit. The frequency-setting circuit C2R3 provides the pulse repetition rate of the second from the top according to the generator circuit from 0,49 Hz (at a supply voltage of 5 V) to 0,62 Hz (at a supply voltage of 12 V).

Rice. 1. Generator circuit for driving the LF-5WAEMBGMBW LED

Since resistors of different resistances are installed in the frequency-setting circuits in other generators, their frequencies differ slightly from each other. This causes the LED to show different lighting effects that do not look chaotic. This mode of operation of the HL1 allows you to use the device not only in children's toys, but also as a power indicator, as a multi-color indicator of any parameter, while such an indicator will not be too annoying, like multi-color flashing LEDs.

The LED is connected to the outputs of the generators through emitter followers on transistors VT1-VT4, resistors R7-R10 limit the current through the LED crystals. The 564TM3 chip contains two control inputs C1 and C2, which are common to all D-flip-flops included in it. One of them - C2 (pin 6) is connected to a common wire. When a high level is applied to input C1, the operation of the generators is slowed down. Resistor R2 is protective, resistor R1 ensures the operation of generators when the control input of the device is not connected.

If you do not need to stop the generators, resistors R1 and R2 are not installed, and pin 5 of the DD1 chip is connected to a common wire.

To power the device, any source of constant voltage 5 ... 12 V is suitable. With a supply voltage of 12 V and the HL1 LED turned off, the device consumes a current of about 1 mA. And the maximum current consumption depends on the resistance of the current-limiting resistors and the supply voltage. Capacitors C1 and C6 are blocking capacitors in the power circuit. The VD1 diode together with the FU1 fusible link protects the device from reverse polarity of the supply voltage. Such a situation is possible, for example, when establishing. If polarity reversal is not possible in the structure where the device will be placed, the diode and the fusible link are not installed.

In addition to the HL1 LED and the fusible link, all elements are mounted on a 31x50 mm board made of insulating material (Fig. 2). The terminals of the elements are inserted into the holes and, on the other hand, are connected by pieces of an insulated mounting wire, for example, MGTF-0,03. After checking the performance and adjusting to prevent accidental short circuits and increase mechanical strength, the circuit board is coated on both sides with XB-784 varnish or zaponlak.

Rice. 2. Board with elements

The device can use resistors C1-4, C1-14, C2-14, MLT and other general applications. Capacitor C1 is oxide, the rest are ceramic or film for a voltage of at least 16 V, their capacitance can be in the range of 0,1 ... 1 μF. The resistance of the resistors can be increased several times, but it should not be more than 30 MΩ. Replacing the diode 1N4004 - any of the series 1N400x, UF400X, KD208, KD243. Transistors 2SC2144S can be replaced by any of the series 2SC2188, 2SC2786, 2SC2787, 2SC3199, 2SD1021, KT358, KT315. The mentioned transistors have differences in case type and pinout.

The LF-5WAEMBGMBW LED can be replaced by the LF-5WAEMBGMBC LED. Instead of one four-crystal one, two two-crystal ones with a common cathode with different crystal glow colors or four single-crystal continuous glow can be used. In the latter case, it is desirable to use miniature LEDs, the housings of which are combined and use a common matte light diffuser. Instead of the 564TM3 integrated circuit, you can use the K561TM3, KR1561TM3, CD4042A, CD4042BE, MC14042B microcircuits.

Unmistakably made from serviceable parts, the device starts working immediately. If desired or necessary, a selection of resistors R3-R6 sets the required switching frequency of the generators. The current through the LED crystals is set by resistors R7-R10, while it is recommended to choose a current 3 ... 5 times less through the crystals of the blue glow than through the crystals of red or green.

Author: A. Butov

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