Device for smooth switching on incandescent lamps. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Lighting
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I have tried many designs of devices for soft switching on incandescent lighting lamps. Some did not suit me with too large sizes and the number of parts, others required mandatory connection to both network wires, which is not very convenient with the existing electrical wiring in the apartment. Therefore, I decided to independently develop a simple small-sized device that can be included in the break of any of the wires going to the lighting lamps and placed in the installation box of a standard switch or in a chandelier cap. Its scheme is shown in the figure.
Here SA1 is an already existing switch that controls the incandescent lamp EL1. Further, we will talk about one lamp, not forgetting that there may be several of them, connected in parallel. It is important that the total current of the lamps does not exceed the allowable for the triac VS1, which, as shown in the diagram, is included in the break in the wire connecting the lamp to the switch.
Since at the moment of closing the contacts of the switch SA1, the capacitor C2 is discharged and the voltage across it is zero, the voltage applied to the symmetrical dinistor VS2 is also close to zero, and it is closed. Triac VS1 is also closed.
As a result of charging the capacitor C2, the voltage applied to the dinistor VS2 gradually increases, and it begins to open and open the triac VS1 in each half-cycle of the mains voltage for an increasing time. The brightness of the lamp glow gradually increases. To slow down this process, an integrator is connected in parallel to capacitor C2 on transistor VT1, covered by feedback through capacitor C3 and resistor R5.
With the ratings of the elements indicated in the diagram, the brightness of the lamp reaches a maximum 10 s after the contacts of the SA1 switch are closed. This value can be changed by selecting the resistor R5. Resistors R2 and R3 are needed to discharge the capacitors in parallel to which they are connected after the lamp is turned off, which prepares the device for a new inclusion.
The steady value of the voltage on the lamp is about 200 V at a mains voltage of 230 V. This slightly reduces its brightness, but significantly increases its service life.
Author: N. Meshalkik, Novokuznetsk, Kemerovo Region; Publication: radioradar.net
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